Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting
a. self - actualization attributes
b. the fight - or - flight response
c. attributional deficits
d. cognitive dissonance
e. learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Self-actualization refers to achieving one's full potential, unrelated to inaction due to perceived unavoidable negative events.
• Fight-or-flight is a physiological stress response to immediate threats, not passive acceptance of unavoidable outcomes.
• Attributional deficits involve difficulties in assigning causes to events, not the described behavior.
• Cognitive dissonance is the discomfort from conflicting beliefs/actions, not inaction due to perceived inevitability.
• Learned helplessness is defined as the state where an individual stops trying to change a situation after repeatedly experiencing that their actions have no effect, matching the description of believing an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and taking no action.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness