Question

1. infer: based on what you have seen, create a balanced equation for the dehydration synthesis reaction. (recall that the formula for glucose is c₆h₁₂o₆.) you will have to determine the formula of maltose yourself. turn on show current formula/equation to check your answer. 5. summarize: use what you have observed to explain what occurs during a dehydration synthesis reaction. 6. apply: a trisaccharide is a carbohydrate made of three monosaccharides. what do you think would be the chemical formula of a trisaccharide made of three bonded glucose molecules?

Explanation:

Step1: Determine maltose formula

Maltose is a disaccharide formed by the dehydration - synthesis of two glucose molecules. In a dehydration - synthesis reaction, a water molecule ($H_2O$) is removed. The formula of glucose is $C_6H_{12}O_6$. Two glucose molecules would be $2C_6H_{12}O_6$. Removing one $H_2O$ gives the formula of maltose $C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}$. The balanced equation for the dehydration - synthesis of maltose from glucose is $2C_6H_{12}O_6
ightarrow C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+H_2O$.

Step2: Explain dehydration - synthesis

In a dehydration - synthesis reaction, two smaller molecules combine to form a larger molecule. A hydroxyl group ($-OH$) from one molecule and a hydrogen atom ($-H$) from another molecule combine to form a water molecule ($H_2O$), which is removed. This process forms a covalent bond between the two smaller molecules.

Step3: Determine trisaccharide formula

A trisaccharide is formed from three glucose molecules. Three glucose molecules have the formula $3C_6H_{12}O_6 = C_{18}H_{36}O_{18}$. In the formation of a trisaccharide, two water molecules are removed during the two dehydration - synthesis steps. Two water molecules have the formula $2H_2O = H_4O_2$. Subtracting $H_4O_2$ from $C_{18}H_{36}O_{18}$ gives the formula of the trisaccharide $C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}$.

Answer:

1. $2C_6H_{12}O_6

ightarrow C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+H_2O$

1. Two smaller molecules combine, losing a water molecule to form a covalent bond and a larger molecule.
2. $C_{18}H_{32}O_{16}$