Question

isotopes - notes and practice
introduction
how are the hydrogen atoms to the right similar?
same # of protons.
how are the hydrogen atoms to the right different?
diff. # of neutrons
ex: what is the isotope notation of the element that has atomic number of 24 and mass number of 52?
52
24cr chromium - 52

1. what is the isotope notation of chlorine - 37?

-37

1. what is the isotope notation of chlorine - 35? how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
2. what is the isotope notation of carbon - 14? how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
3. what is the isotope notation of magnesium - 24? how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?
4. what is the isotope notation of magnesium - 25? how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall isotope notation

Isotope notation is $\frac{\text{mass number}}{\text{atomic number}}\text{Element symbol}$. Also, for a neutral atom, number of protons = number of electrons, and number of neutrons= mass number - atomic number.

Step2: Find chlorine - 37 isotope notation

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17. The mass number is 37. So the isotope notation is $\frac{37}{17}\text{Cl}$.

Step3: Find chlorine - 35 details

The isotope notation for chlorine - 35 is $\frac{35}{17}\text{Cl}$. Protons: Atomic number of chlorine is 17, so there are 17 protons. Electrons: Since it is neutral, there are 17 electrons. Neutrons: Mass number - atomic number = 35 - 17=18 neutrons.

Step4: Find carbon - 14 details

Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The isotope notation for carbon - 14 is $\frac{14}{6}\text{C}$. Protons: 6. Electrons: 6 (neutral atom). Neutrons: 14 - 6 = 8 neutrons.

Step5: Find magnesium - 24 details

Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. The isotope notation is $\frac{24}{12}\text{Mg}$. Protons: 12. Electrons: 12. Neutrons: 24 - 12 = 12 neutrons.

Step6: Find magnesium - 25 details

The isotope notation for magnesium - 25 is $\frac{25}{12}\text{Mg}$. Protons: 12. Electrons: 12. Neutrons: 25 - 12 = 13 neutrons.

Answer:

1. $\frac{37}{17}\text{Cl}$
2. Isotope notation: $\frac{35}{17}\text{Cl}$, Protons: 17, Neutrons: 18, Electrons: 17
3. Isotope notation: $\frac{14}{6}\text{C}$, Protons: 6, Neutrons: 8, Electrons: 6
4. Isotope notation: $\frac{24}{12}\text{Mg}$, Protons: 12, Neutrons: 12, Electrons: 12
5. Isotope notation: $\frac{25}{12}\text{Mg}$, Protons: 12, Neutrons: 13, Electrons: 12