Question

lesson 13
smaw: horizontal, vertical,
and overhead welding positions
objectives:
you will be able to demonstrate how to make acceptable out - of - position smaw welds on butt, lap,
inside corner, outside corner, and t - joints.
instructions:
read chapter 13 and study figures 13 - 1 through 13 - 14. then, answer or complete the following
questions.

1. it is best to use an electrode with a slag that cools quickly when welding out of

position. this helps to keep the molten metal from dripping. which of the electrodes
listed below is not suitable for welding out of position?
a. e6013.
b. e9011.
c. e6010.
d. e7028.
e. e7015.

1. when welding downhill, slag should not be allowed to enter the weld pool. why?
2. true or false? out - of - position welds may be made with many weld passes.
3. a travel angle of _° - _° is used when welding vertically, regardless of the joint type.
4. true or false? the electrode angles used while welding vertically are the same as those used

when welding in the flat welding position.

1. if a drag angle of 40° is used when welding a fillet weld in the horizontal position, what will

probably happen to the weld bead?

1. name five welding clothing or equipment items that should be worn by a welder performing

out - of - position welds.

1. true or false? electrodes may be placed into the electrode holder at various angles, but should

never be bent.

Explanation:

1. E6013 has a fast-freezing slag that doesn't work well for out-of-position welding, as it can't hold molten metal effectively.
2. Slag in the weld pool during downhill welding gets trapped, causing defects like slag inclusions which weaken the weld.
3. Out-of-position welds often use multiple passes to control molten metal and build up the weld properly.
4. Standard vertical SMAW uses a 5-15 degree travel angle for control.
5. Vertical welding requires adjusted angles to counteract gravity, unlike flat welding.
6. A 40° drag angle is too steep; it will pull molten metal down, making the weld bead uneven and causing sagging.
7. Welders need protective gear to shield from sparks, UV rays, and falling molten metal during out-of-position work.
8. Bending electrodes breaks their flux coating, which ruins arc stability and weld quality.

Answer:

1. A. E6013
2. Slag will become trapped in the weld pool, creating slag inclusions that weaken the weld and cause defects.
3. True
4. $5^\circ$-$15^\circ$
5. False
6. The weld bead will sag and become uneven, with potential defects like undercut or excess buildup on the lower side.
7. Welding helmet, flame-resistant welding jacket, welding gloves, safety glasses, steel-toe boots
8. True