Question

liquid x is known to have a lower viscosity and lower vapor pressure than liquid y. use these facts to predict the result of each experiment in the table below, if you can. experiment predicted outcome two 10 l glass flasks are evacuated and sealed. 40.0 ml of liquid x are injected through the seal into one flask, and 40.0 ml of liquid y are injected into the other flask. after 30 minutes, the pressures (p_x) and (p_y) inside the flasks are measured. (p_x) will be greater than (p_y) (p_x) will be less than (p_y) (p_x) will be equal to (p_y) its impossible to predict whether (p_x) or (p_y) will be greater without more information. 10.0 ml each of liquid x and liquid y are poured through a funnel, and the times (t_x) and (t_y) needed to pour each liquid through the funnel are measured. (t_x) will be greater than (t_y) (t_x) will be less than (t_y) (t_x) will be equal to (t_y) its impossible to predict whether (t_x) or (t_y) will be greater without more information.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze vapor - pressure experiment

Liquid X has lower vapor pressure than Y. Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature in a closed system. So, when equal volumes of X and Y are placed in identical evacuated flasks, the vapor pressure of X will be less than that of Y.

Step2: Analyze viscosity experiment

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Liquid X has lower viscosity than Y. A lower - viscosity liquid flows more easily. So, when equal volumes of X and Y are poured through a funnel, the time \(t_X\) for liquid X to pour through will be less than the time \(t_Y\) for liquid Y to pour through.

Answer:

First experiment: \(p_X\) will be less than \(p_Y\)
Second experiment: \(t_X\) will be less than \(t_Y\)