Question

many plants have leaves that are larger on one side of their long central axis than the other, a phenomenon known as asymmetrical orientation. university of california, berkeley biologist ciera martinez and colleagues examined several species of grapevines and closely related plants, which have leaves that grow in pairs, to see if both leaves in a pair tend to be oriented toward the same side (that is, have more tissue on the same side) or not. they found that opposite - side orientations are more common than same - side orientations by ratios as high as
species vitis aestivalis vitis rupestris vitis acerifolia vitis labrusca
total leaf pairs examined 96 303 209 383
pairs with opposite - side orientation 70 201 165 287
pairs with same - side orientation 26 102 44 96
ratio of opposite - side orientations to same - side orientations (n to 1) 2.69 1.97 3.75 2.99
10 mark for review
which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the assertion?
a 3.75 to 1.
b 287 to 1.
c 383 to 1.
d 2.99 to 1.

Explanation:

Step1: Identify relevant data

We need to find the ratio of opposite - side orientations to same - side orientations. From the table, for the overall data (last row), the number of opposite - side orientations is the sum of the values in the "Pairs with opposite - side orientation" row and the number of same - side orientations is the sum of the values in the "Pairs with same - side orientation" row.

Step2: Calculate the ratio

Sum of opposite - side orientations: \(96 + 303+209 + 383=991\). Sum of same - side orientations: \(26+102 + 44+96 = 268\). The ratio of opposite - side orientations to same - side orientations is \(\frac{991}{268}\approx3.7\).

Answer:

A. 3.75 to 1.