Question

1. match the neuron structure with its correct function. place the correct number on each line. use each number only once

synapse

1. receivers of stimuli; numerous and highly branched; carry impulses to the cell body

dendrite
axon terminal

1. axon end; axon knob; part of the neuron that releases a chemical transmitter across the synapse

grey matter
white matter

1. the gap or junction between two neurons, or between a neuron and a muscle (the neuro - muscular junction)

myelin sheath
cell body
axon

1. contains the neuron’s nucleus and is the site of the neuron’s cell metabolism
2. myelinated neurons in the cns
3. lipid, fatty insulating layer around some axons and dendrites; protects neurons and speeds the impulses along the neuron
4. unmyelinated neurons in the cns (the grey matter of the brain)
5. transmits impulses away from the cell body, to another neuron, muscles, or glands
6. all the following factors contribute to the resting membrane potential except

a. sodium ions and potassium ions use a pump and atp to move across the neural membrane
b. special voltage gates (sodium and potassium) operate in normal neuron impulse transmission
c. some negatively charged proteins and chloride ions are unable to diffuse out of the neuron
d. the action potential below a threshold level contributes to a resting potential of - 70 mv

Explanation:

• Synapse: It is the gap or junction between neurons or between a neuron and a muscle, so it matches 3.
• Dendrite: Receives stimuli, is highly - branched and carries impulses to the cell body, matching 1.
• Axon terminal: The end of the axon (axon knob) that releases a chemical transmitter across the synapse, matching 2.
• Grey matter: Consists of unmyelinated neurons in the CNS, matching 7.
• White matter: Comprises myelinated neurons in the CNS, matching 5.
• Myelin sheath: A lipid - fatty insulating layer around some axons and dendrites that protects neurons and speeds impulses, matching 6.
• Cell body: Contains the neuron's nucleus and is the site of cell metabolism, matching 4.
• Axon: Transmits impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands, matching 8.

For question 8:

• The resting membrane potential is established by the sodium - potassium pump (A), the presence of non - diffusible negatively charged proteins and chloride ions (C), and the action potential below threshold contributing to the - 70 mV resting potential (D). Special voltage gates operate during the action potential, not in establishing the resting membrane potential. So the answer is B.

Answer:

• Synapse: 3
• Dendrite: 1
• Axon terminal: 2
• Grey matter: 7
• White matter: 5
• Myelin sheath: 6
• Cell body: 4
• Axon: 8
• 8. B. special voltage gates (sodium and potassium) operate in normal neuron impulse transmission