Question

model 1 - molecules of life
carbohydrates (monosaccharides)
glucose
galactose
fructose
lipids
glycerol
triglyceride (fat or oil)
fatty acids
proteins (amino acids)
alanine
cysteine
variable r side chain
carboxylic acid group
amine group
nucleic acids (nucleotides)
phosphate group
nitrogen base
sugar

1. show which atoms are present in each type of molecule by listing the symbol for each atom included. carbohydrate has been done for you.

a) carbohydrate: c, h, o
c) amino acid:
b) lipid:
d) nucleic acid:

1. which type of molecule includes an example with a long - chain carbon backbone?
2. what is the dominant element attached to the carbon backbone?
3. the chain is often referred to as a hydrocarbon chain. why do you think it is called this?

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze lipid structure

Lipids are composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O).

Step2: Analyze amino - acid structure

Amino acids have carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N). Some may also have sulfur (S) like cysteine.

Step3: Analyze nucleic - acid structure

Nucleic acids contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P).

Step4: Identify molecule with long - chain carbon backbone

Lipids, specifically triglycerides, have long - chain fatty acids which are long - chain carbon backbones.

Step5: Determine dominant element attached to carbon backbone

In lipids, the dominant element attached to the carbon backbone is hydrogen.

Step6: Explain hydrocarbon chain name

It is called a hydrocarbon chain because it is mainly made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Answer:

1.
b) Lipid: C, H, O
c) Amino acid: C, H, O, N (, S in some cases)
d) Nucleic acid: C, H, O, N, P

1. Lipid
2. Hydrogen
3. Because it is mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms.