Question

multipart: use the information below to answer questions 8 - 9.
in science class, two students are discussing how volcanic eruptions can impact the climate.
emily: i think volcanic eruptions cause short - term cooling because when a volcano erupts, it releases a lot of ash and gases into the atmosphere. this ash and the gas, like sulfur dioxide, block some of the suns rays, making the earth cooler for a while.
jake: i agree that volcanic eruptions can cause cooling, but i think they also have a long - term effect. the ash and gases can stay in the atmosphere for many months, even years, spreading around the world and continuing to block sunlight. this means the cooling effect can last a long time, not just for a short period.

1. ______ how do volcanic eruptions impact the climate in the short term?

a. they cause long - lasting global warming.
b. they lead to immediate long - term cooling.
c. they cause short - term cooling by blocking sunlight with ash and gases.
d. they result in a temporary increase in temperature.

1. ______ what evidence supports how the volcanic eruption impacts climate?

a. volcanic eruptions cause immediate changes in ocean temperatures, leading to global climate warming.
b. volcanic eruptions lead to a reduction in greenhouse gases, causing global cooling.
c. volcanic eruptions primarily affect local weather patterns, causing temporary warming in the surrounding areas.
d. volcanic eruptions release substances that can quickly influence atmospheric conditions, resulting in temporary cooling.

Explanation:

For question 8: The text states Emily's claim that volcanic eruptions cause short-term cooling by releasing ash and gases that block the Sun's rays, which matches option C.
For question 9: The evidence from the discussion is that volcanic eruptions release ash and gases that block sunlight to cause cooling, which aligns with option D as it describes released substances influencing atmospheric conditions for temporary cooling.

Answer:

1. C. They cause short-term cooling by blocking sunlight with ash and gases.
2. D. Volcanic eruptions release substances that can quickly influence atmospheric conditions, resulting in temporary cooling.