Question

nombre: spanish 1 grammar review 1. what is a cognate? 2. what is an infinitive of a verb? 3. what are the spanish subject pronouns? 4. we use __ when saying \you\ to a young person & when saying \you\ to an adult. 5. what does it mean to conjugate a verb? 6. what are the -ar present tense verb endings? 7. what are the -er / -ir present tense verb endings? 8. we call stem - changing verbs \\ verbs & we make a spelling change in them in all forms except __. 9. what are the 4 \definite\ articles (singular & plural - the)? 10. what are the 4 \indefinite\ articles (singular & plural - a / some)?

Explanation:

1. A cognate is a word in one language that is related in origin to a word in another language, often with similar spelling and meaning. For example, "hotel" in English and "hotel" in Spanish.
2. The infinitive of a verb is the basic, unconjugated form, usually translated as "to [verb]" in English. In Spanish, infinitive verbs end in -ar, -er, or -ir (e.g., hablar - to speak, comer - to eat, vivir - to live).
3. Spanish subject pronouns: yo (I), tú (you - familiar), él/ella/usted (he/she/you - formal), nosotros/nosotras (we), vosotros/vosotras (you all - Spain, familiar), ellos/ellas/ustedes (they/you all).
4. We use "tú" when saying "you" to a young person and "usted" when saying "you" to an adult.
5. To conjugate a verb means to change its form to show tense, mood, person, and number.
6. -AR present - tense verb endings: yo - o, tú - as, él/ella/usted - a, nosotros/nosotras - amos, vosotros/vosotras - áis, ellos/ellas/ustedes - an.
7. -ER/-IR present - tense verb endings: yo - o, tú - es, él/ella/usted - e, nosotros/nosotras - emos, vosotros/vosotras - éis, ellos/ellas/ustedes - en.
8. We call stem - changing verbs "boot" verbs because of the shape when charted, and we make a spelling change in them in all forms except nosotros/nosotras and vosotros/vosotras.
9. The 4 definite articles in Spanish: el (masculine singular), la (feminine singular), los (masculine plural), las (feminine plural).
10. The 4 indefinite articles in Spanish: un (masculine singular), una (feminine singular), unos (masculine plural), unas (feminine plural).

Answer:

1. A word in one language related in origin to a word in another language, often with similar spelling and meaning.
2. The basic, unconjugated form of a verb, usually ending in -ar, -er, or -ir in Spanish and translated as "to [verb]" in English.
3. yo, tú, él/ella/usted, nosotros/nosotras, vosotros/vosotras, ellos/ellas/ustedes
4. tú, usted
5. To change a verb's form to show tense, mood, person, and number.
6. yo - o, tú - as, él/ella/usted - a, nosotros/nosotras - amos, vosotros/vosotras - áis, ellos/ellas/ustedes - an
7. yo - o, tú - es, él/ella/usted - e, nosotros/nosotras - emos, vosotros/vosotras - éis, ellos/ellas/ustedes - en
8. "boot", nosotros/nosotras and vosotros/vosotras
9. el, la, los, las
10. un, una, unos, unas