Question

normally, na⁺ and k⁺ leakage channels differ because
multiple choice
na⁺ leakage channels require atp to transport ions, while k⁺ leakage channels do not.
na⁺ leakage channels are voltage - gated, while k⁺ leakage channels are ligand - gated.
na⁺ leakage channels always remain open, while k⁺ leakage channels must be specifically activated to open.
na⁺ ions diffuse through leakage channels into the cell, while k⁺ ions diffuse through leakage channels out of the cell.

Explanation:

In a resting - state cell, there is a concentration gradient for sodium and potassium. Sodium ions are more concentrated outside the cell and potassium ions are more concentrated inside the cell. Due to these concentration gradients, $Na^{+}$ ions diffuse through leakage channels into the cell, while $K^{+}$ ions diffuse through leakage channels out of the cell. Sodium - potassium pumps maintain the concentration gradients and neither sodium nor potassium leakage channels require ATP for passive ion movement. Also, both are not voltage - gated or ligand - gated in the context of leakage channels, and both are usually open to some extent for leakage.

Answer:

D. $Na^{+}$ ions diffuse through leakage channels into the cell, while $K^{+}$ ions diffuse through leakage channels out of the cell.