i
organic chemistry:
3. draw structural, condensed or line structural diagrams for the following molecules.
3 - ethylhexan - 2 - ol
1,3 - difluorobenzene
propyl butanoate

Question

Accepted Answer

### 1. 3 - ethylhexan - 2 - ol
#### Step 1: Identify the parent chain
The parent chain is hexane, which has 6 carbon atoms. So the carbon skeleton of the parent chain is $ \text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C} $.
#### Step 2: Identify the functional group and its position
The functional group is a hydroxyl group ($ -\text{OH} $) at the 2nd carbon atom. So we attach $ -\text{OH} $ to the 2nd carbon: $ \text{C}-\text{C}(\text{OH})-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C} $.
#### Step 3: Identify and attach the substituent
The substituent is an ethyl group ($ -\text{C}_2\text{H}_5 $) at the 3rd carbon atom. So we attach $ -\text{C}_2\text{H}_5 $ to the 3rd carbon. The condensed structure is $ \text{CH}_3-\text{CH}(\text{OH})-\text{CH}(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5)-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3 $. The line - bond (skeletal) structure:
```
      CH3
       |
CH3 - CH - CH - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
     |   |
    OH  CH2CH3
```

### 2. 1,3 - difluorobenzene
#### Step 1: Draw the benzene ring
The parent structure is a benzene ring ($ \text{C}_6\text{H}_6 $ with a cyclic, conjugated double - bond system).
#### Step 2: Attach the fluorine substituents
We attach fluorine atoms ($ -\text{F} $) at the 1st and 3rd carbon atoms of the benzene ring. The line - bond structure is:
```
  F
  |
C - C - C - F
|   |   |
C   C   C
|   |   |
C - C - C
```
(where the carbons are part of the benzene ring, and the double bonds are distributed in the conjugated system. The condensed formula can be represented as $ \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{F}_2 $ with the two F atoms at positions 1 and 3 relative to each other on the benzene ring.)

### 3. Propyl butanoate
#### Step 1: Identify the functional group and the two parts of the ester
Propyl butanoate is an ester. Esters have the general formula $ \text{RCOOR}' $, where $ \text{RCOO}^- $ comes from the carboxylic acid (butanoic acid) and $ \text{R}' $ comes from the alcohol (propanol).
#### Step 2: Derive the structure from the acid and alcohol parts
- The butanoate part: Butanoic acid has the formula $ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOH} $. When it forms the ester, it becomes $ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COO}^- $.
- The propyl part: Propanol has the formula $ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH} $. When it forms the ester, the $ -\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 $ part comes from propanol.
- The condensed structure of propyl butanoate is $ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 $. The line - bond structure:
```
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - C(=O) - O - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
```

### Final Answers (Structures)
- 3 - ethylhexan - 2 - ol: Condensed: $ \text{CH}_3-\text{CH}(\text{OH})-\text{CH}(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5)-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3 $; Skeletal: As shown above.
- 1,3 - difluorobenzene: Skeletal: As shown above; Condensed: $ \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{F}_2 $ (with F at 1 and 3).
- Propyl butanoate: Condensed: $ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 $; Skeletal: As shown above.

Sovi.AI - AI Math Tutor

QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

1. 3 - ethylhexan - 2 - ol

Step 1: Identify the parent chain

Step 2: Identify the functional group and its position

Step 3: Identify and attach the substituent

2. 1,3 - difluorobenzene

Step 1: Draw the benzene ring

Step 2: Attach the fluorine substituents

3. Propyl butanoate

Step 1: Identify the functional group and the two parts of the ester

Step 2: Derive the structure from the acid and alcohol parts

Final Answers (Structures)

Answer: