Question

part 1: multiple choice

1. before being refined for broader use, steam energy was primarily used to:

a. drive passenger ships in the atlantic.
b. power railroad cars pulled by horses.
c. pump water out of coal mines.
d. run textile machines in factories.

1. compared to wood, coal was:

a. more expensive and less plentiful.
b. less efficient and harder to mine.
c. less expensive and more plentiful.
d. only for industrial production.

1. what is coke?

a. a type of coal found near the earth’s surface.
b. the residue from burning wood for charcoal.
c. a solid residue from coal that produces more heat.
d. a new metal alloy created during the bessemer process.

1. what was the material that limited iron production on a small scale at the beginning of the industrial revolution?

a. iron ore reserves.
b. charcoal
c. high - quality steel.
d. water power.

1. the innovation of cast iron allowed the metal to be:

a. made less brittle than steel.
b. shaped using repeated heating and hammering
c. poured into a mold more quickly and inexpensively
d. used only for small tools and home heating.

Explanation:

Question 1

In the early days of steam energy, its primary use before broader refinement was to pump water out of coal mines. Passenger ships in the Atlantic (a) and textile machines (d) came later, and steam didn't power horse - pulled railroad cars (b).

Coal was less expensive and more plentiful than wood. It was more efficient (so b is wrong), not more expensive (a is wrong), and was used for more than just industrial production (d is wrong).

Coke is a solid residue from coal that produces more heat. It's not a type of coal near the surface (a), not from burning wood (b), and not a metal alloy from the Bessemer process (d).

Answer:

c. Pump water out of coal mines.

Question 2