Question

periodic structure & element classes
homework
periodic table structure

1. identify each of the following as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid

a. neon
b. calcium
c. nitrogen
d. silicon
e. sodium
f. boron

1. identify the following elements.

a. group 18, 3rd period
b. halogen, 3rd period
c. alkali metal, 6th period
d. group 14, 4th period
e. group 12, 5th period
f. group 15, 3rd period

1. represents a metalloid
2. represents a period
3. represents a halogen
4. represents an alkali metal
5. represents a noble gas
6. represents an inner - transition metal
7. represents element with 6 valence electrons
8. represents a metal with 4 valence electrons
9. represents a group
10. represents a transition metal with 5 energy levels
11. represents an alkaline earth metal
12. represents a metal with 3 valence electrons

the periodic table

1. how many periods are on the periodic table? how are electrons related within a period?
2. how many groups (families) are on the periodic table? how are electrons related within a group?
3. which of the following pairs belong to the same group?

a) s and p
b) c and sn
c) li and o
d) as and kr

1. which of the following pairs belong to the same period?

a) na and zn
b) ba and ca
c) k and fe
d) ar and xe

1. which element has similar properties as calcium? barium, cesium, or scandium why?
2. what third period metal has three valence electrons?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall element - type classification

Elements on the periodic table are classified as metals, non - metals, or metalloids based on their properties. Neon is a non - metal (noble gas), calcium is a metal, nitrogen is a non - metal, silicon is a metalloid, sodium is a metal, boron is a metalloid.

Step2: Identify elements by group and period

a. Group 18, 3rd period is argon (Ar). b. Halogen in 3rd period is chlorine (Cl). c. Alkali metal in 6th period is cesium (Cs). d. Group 14, 4th period is germanium (Ge). e. Group 12, 5th period is cadmium (Cd). f. Group 15, 3rd period is phosphorus (P).

Step3: Match lettered squares to element types

1. A metalloid could be represented by a square corresponding to an element like silicon or boron in the appropriate position. 4) Rows represent periods. 5) Halogens are in group 17. 6) Alkali metals are in group 1. 7) Noble gases are in group 18. 8) Inner - transition metals are in the two bottom rows. 9) Elements with 6 valence electrons are in group 16. 10) A metal with 4 valence electrons could be germanium or tin. 11) Columns represent groups. 12) A transition metal with 5 energy levels would be in the 5th period transition series. 13) Alkaline earth metals are in group 2. 14) A metal with 3 valence electrons is in group 13.

Step4: Answer period and group questions

1. There are 7 periods on the periodic table. Electrons in the same period have the same principal energy level. 16) There are 18 groups (families) on the periodic table. Electrons in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.

Step5: Determine group and period pairs

1. Carbon (C) and tin (Sn) are in the same group (group 14), so the answer is b). 18) Sodium (Na) and zinc (Zn) are in the same period (3rd period), so the answer is a).

Step6: Find similar elements

1. Barium has similar properties as calcium because they are in the same group (group 2, alkaline earth metals) and have the same number of valence electrons.

Step7: Identify element by period and valence electrons

1. Aluminum (Al) is a third - period metal with three valence electrons.

Answer:

1. a. nonmetal; b. metal; c. nonmetal; d. metalloid; e. metal; f. metalloid
2. a. argon; b. chlorine; c. cesium; d. germanium; e. cadmium; f. phosphorus
3. (Depends on the position of the metalloid - element square in the table)
4. Rows
5. Elements in group 17
6. Elements in group 1
7. Elements in group 18
8. Elements in the two bottom rows
9. Elements in group 16
10. Germanium or tin
11. Columns
12. (Depends on the 5th period transition - metal square in the table)
13. Elements in group 2
14. Elements in group 13
15. 7; Electrons have the same principal energy level
16. 18; Electrons have the same number of valence electrons
17. b. C and Sn
18. a. Na and Zn
19. Barium; They are in the same group and have the same number of valence electrons
20. Aluminum