Question

practice
for each of the following, show compound formation (bonding) using lewis dot diagrams, give the chemical formula and name the compound.
potassium and fluorine beryllium and chlorine magnesium and fluorine
aluminum and oxygen sodium and chlorine magnesium and oxygen

Explanation:

Potassium and Fluorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Potassium (K) has 1 valence - electron and Fluorine (F) has 7 valence - electrons. K loses its 1 valence electron to achieve a stable octet (like argon), and F gains that 1 electron to achieve a stable octet (like neon).
K: $K\cdot$; F: $\ddot{F}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$K\cdot+\cdot\ddot{F}
ightarrow K^++[\ddot{F}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is KF, and the name is potassium fluoride.

Beryllium and Chlorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Beryllium (Be) has 2 valence - electrons and Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence - electrons. Be loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable configuration (like helium), and each Cl gains 1 electron.
Be: $\cdot Be\cdot$; Cl: $\ddot{Cl}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Be\cdot + 2\cdot\ddot{Cl}
ightarrow Be^{2 +}+2[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $BeCl_2$, and the name is beryllium chloride.

Magnesium and Fluorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Magnesium (Mg) has 2 valence - electrons and Fluorine (F) has 7 valence - electrons. Mg loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and each F gains 1 electron.
Mg: $\cdot Mg\cdot$; F: $\ddot{F}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Mg\cdot+2\cdot\ddot{F}
ightarrow Mg^{2 +}+2[\ddot{F}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $MgF_2$, and the name is magnesium fluoride.

Aluminum and Oxygen

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Aluminum (Al) has 3 valence - electrons and Oxygen (O) has 6 valence - electrons. Al loses 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and each O gains 2 electrons.
Al: $\cdot Al\cdot$; O: $\ddot{O}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$2\cdot Al\cdot + 3\cdot\ddot{O}
ightarrow 2Al^{3+}+3[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is $Al_2O_3$, and the name is aluminum oxide.

Sodium and Chlorine

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Sodium (Na) has 1 valence - electron and Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence - electrons. Na loses its 1 valence electron to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and Cl gains that 1 electron to achieve a stable octet (like argon).
Na: $Na\cdot$; Cl: $\ddot{Cl}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$Na\cdot+\cdot\ddot{Cl}
ightarrow Na^++[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is NaCl, and the name is sodium chloride.

Magnesium and Oxygen

Step1: Determine valence electrons

Magnesium (Mg) has 2 valence - electrons and Oxygen (O) has 6 valence - electrons. Mg loses its 2 valence electrons to achieve a stable octet (like neon), and O gains 2 electrons.
Mg: $\cdot Mg\cdot$; O: $\ddot{O}\cdot$

Step2: Show electron transfer in Lewis dot diagram

$\cdot Mg\cdot+\cdot\ddot{O}
ightarrow Mg^{2 +}+[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$

Step3: Write chemical formula and name

The chemical formula is MgO, and the name is magnesium oxide.

Answer:

Pair of Elements	Lewis Dot Diagram (Electron - Transfer)	Chemical Formula	Name of Compound

| Potassium and Fluorine | $K\cdot+\cdot\ddot{F}
ightarrow K^++[\ddot{F}:]^-$ | KF | Potassium fluoride |
| Beryllium and Chlorine | $\cdot Be\cdot + 2\cdot\ddot{Cl}
ightarrow Be^{2 +}+2[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$ | $BeCl_2$ | Beryllium chloride |
| Magnesium and Fluorine | $\cdot Mg\cdot+2\cdot\ddot{F}
ightarrow Mg^{2 +}+2[\ddot{F}:]^-$ | $MgF_2$ | Magnesium fluoride |
| Aluminum and Oxygen | $2\cdot Al\cdot + 3\cdot\ddot{O}
ightarrow 2Al^{3+}+3[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$ | $Al_2O_3$ | Aluminum oxide |
| Sodium and Chlorine | $Na\cdot+\cdot\ddot{Cl}
ightarrow Na^++[\ddot{Cl}:]^-$ | NaCl | Sodium chloride |
| Magnesium and Oxygen | $\cdot Mg\cdot+\cdot\ddot{O}
ightarrow Mg^{2 +}+[\ddot{O}:]^{2 -}$ | MgO | Magnesium oxide |