Question

practice exercise
complete each sentence with key facts about microbiology from chapter 4.

1. the functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity is called the

______________________________________________________

1. __________________________________________ is frequently found in water and soil.
2. __________________________________ is the scientific study of the nature, life and action

of microorganisms.

1. herpes simplex is a __________________________________________ disease.
2. bacteria that require oxygen to grow are called __________________________ bacteria.
3. bacteria are divided into three main shape classifications:

__________________________ (spherical)
__________________________ (rod)
__________________________ (spiral)

1. microorganisms capable of forming a thick wall around themselves, enabling them to survive in adverse

conditions are called __________________________________________

1. the two most common processes designed to classify bacteria by color change are

________________________ and ________________________

1. tetanus and botulism do not require oxygen to grow, so they are classified as

______________________________________________________ bacteria.

1. using gram - stain classifications, staphylococcus, enterococcus and streptococcus are examples

of gram - ______________________________________________________ bacteria.

1. the bacterial reproductive process that takes place when a cell divides into two equal cells

is called ______________________________________________________

1. creutzfeldt - jakob disease (cjd) is caused by __________________________, which are

believed to be ______________________________________________________

1. __________________________________ is defined as the state of being soiled

by contact with infectious organisms or other materials.

1. most bacteria are approximately __________________________ microns in size;
2. sunlight is lethal to the __________________________ stage of pathogens.

Explanation:

1.

The nucleus is the functional center of a cell that controls cellular activity and heredity (contains genetic material).

Many microorganisms like Pseudomonas (or other soil/water - dwelling microbes) are frequently found in water and soil. A common example is Pseudomonas (or other appropriate microbial genus like Bacillus in some contexts, but Pseudomonas is often associated with water and soil habitats).

Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms, including their nature, life processes, and actions.

Answer:

nucleus

2.