Question

question #11
which two variables are related by causation?
a age and income
b height and weight
c speed and distance traveled
d reading ability and shoe size

Explanation:

Causation means a change in one variable directly causes a change in the other.

• Age and income (A) are correlated but age does not directly cause income (factors like career choice, experience matter more).
• Height and weight (B) are correlated but height does not directly cause weight (diet, muscle mass are key factors).
• A higher speed directly causes a greater distance traveled over a fixed time (from the formula $distance = speed \times time$), so this is causation.
• Reading ability and shoe size (D) are only correlated due to age, with no causal link.

Answer:

C. speed and distance traveled