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question 1
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which term did french sociologist emile durkheim use to refer to the patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling that exist outside any one individual but exert social control over every person in society?
sociological generalizations
social facts
sociological imagination
clear selection
Emile Durkheim, a key sociologist, defined "social facts" as the patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling that are external to individuals but exert social control over them. "Sociological generalizations" are broader general statements in sociology, and "sociological imagination" (coined by C. Wright Mills) is about connecting personal troubles to social issues, so neither matches Durkheim's term here.
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B. Social facts