Question

read the two passages. passage 1 many people think that standardized testing is unnecessary, however, standardized testing is the only way to measure student achievement. viewing student testing only from a students perspective is missing the point. if we think of it in practical terms, we can see that testing students gives us a baseline to assist those students in their areas of greatest need. without standardized testing, that assistance would not be possible. passage 2 students experience anxiety during standardized testing. everyone knows this, and everyone should realize that no child deserves to feel unnecessary stress. imagine one of your own children suffering how do the fallacies in the first passage differ from the fallacies in the second? passage 1 contains an ad hominem attack, while passage 2 contains a false dilemma. passage 1 contains a false dilemma, while passage 2 contains a bandwagon appeal. passage 1 contains a bandwagon appeal, while passage 2 contains ad hominem attack. passage 1 contains an appeal to emotion, while passage 2 contains an ad hominem attack.

Explanation:

In Passage 1, presenting standardized testing as the only way to measure student achievement is a false - dilemma as there are other ways. In Passage 2, "Everyone knows this" is a bandwagon appeal, suggesting that because everyone supposedly knows students are anxious during testing, something should be done.

Answer:

B. Passage 1 contains a false dilemma, while passage 2 contains a bandwagon appeal.