Question

real life enzyme scenarios
please fill in the chart for every real life scenario listed below. some boxes have been filled in for you!
scenario
lactase is an enzyme that breaks down a sugar found in dairy products known as lactose. some people are lactose intolerant, and this can be due to not having enough lactase production. people who are lactose intolerant may not feel well after eating foods containing lactose.
an enzyme called glucocerebrosidase breaks down a glycolipid in the body known as glucocerebroside. however, in a genetic disease known as gauchers disease, the body does not produce enough glucocerebrosidase. therefore glucocerebroside can build up in the body and this can cause serious side effects such as anemia and swelling of the liver and spleen.
pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas which can damage pancreatic tissue. the pancreas produces digestive enzymes such as amylase and lipase. these enzymes assist in breaking down certain food biomolecules. in this disorder, enzyme production from pancreatic tissue may be stopped.
identify enzyme:
6.
9.
13.
identify substrate:
lactose
10.
14.
illustrate the scenario (label enzyme and substrate in illustration):
7.
11.
15.
describe the relationship between the substrate and enzyme in the scenario.
8.
12.

Explanation:

1. The enzyme is lactase as stated in the description.
2. An illustration could show a lactase - shaped molecule fitting with a lactose - shaped molecule (lock - and - key model).
3. Lactase specifically acts on lactose to break it down.
4. The enzyme is glucocerebrosidase as given in the text.
5. The substrate is glucocerebroside.
6. An illustration could depict glucocerebrosidase binding to glucocerebroside.
7. Glucocerebrosidase is responsible for breaking down glucocerebroside, and a deficiency leads to its accumulation.
8. The enzymes are amylase and lipase which are pancreatic digestive enzymes.
9. The substrates are the food biomolecules that amylase and lipase act on (carbohydrates for amylase and fats for lipase).
10. An illustration could show amylase and lipase molecules interacting with their respective carbohydrate and fat substrates.

Answer:

1. lactase
2. Draw an enzyme - shaped molecule (lactase) fitting with a substrate - shaped molecule (lactose)
3. Lactase breaks down lactose.
4. glucocerebrosidase
5. glucocerebroside
6. Draw glucocerebrosidase binding to glucocerebroside
7. Glucocerebrosidase breaks down glucocerebroside; deficiency causes substrate accumulation.
8. amylase and lipase
9. Carbohydrates (for amylase) and fats (for lipase)
10. Draw amylase and lipase interacting with carbohydrate and fat substrates respectively