Question

section 24.4 applications and effects of nuclear reactions
in your textbook, read about the methods used to detect and measure radiation.
for each item in column a, write the letter of the matching item in column b.
column a

1. worn by workers to monitor radiation exposure
2. contains phosphors that detect radiation
3. radiation energetic enough to break apart atoms
4. uses a gas - filled metal tube to detect and measure radiation
5. a material that gives off light when struck by radiation
6. a method used to detect very small amounts of an element in a sample
7. a radioisotope used to indicate the presence of an element in a sample
8. used to detect disorders of the thyroid gland
9. a procedure that uses positrons to detect many different medical disorders
10. this type of radiation easily penetrates human tissue.
11. damage caused by radiation that affects a person, but not their offspring
12. radiation damage that can affect chromosomes and offspring
13. a unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a body
14. a unit used to measure the amount of damage done to a body
15. the annual amount of radiation to which a person is normally exposed

column b
a. pet
b. geiger counter
c. 100 - 300 mrem
d. ionizing radiation
e. rad
f. iodine - 131
g. rem
h. genetic damage
i. neutron activation analysis
j. scintillation counter
k. radiotracer
l. gamma ray
m. somatic damage
n. phosphor
o. tld badge

Explanation:

1. TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter) badges are worn by workers to monitor radiation exposure.
2. Scintillation counters contain phosphors that detect radiation.
3. Ionizing radiation is energetic enough to break apart atoms.
4. Geiger counters use a gas - filled metal tube to detect and measure radiation.
5. Phosphors give off light when struck by radiation.
6. Neutron activation analysis is used to detect very small amounts of an element in a sample.
7. A radioisotope used as a radiotracer can indicate the presence of an element in a sample.
8. Iodine - 131 is used to detect disorders of the thyroid gland.
9. PET (Positron Emission Tomography) uses positrons to detect many different medical disorders.
10. Gamma rays easily penetrate human tissue.
11. Somatic damage is caused by radiation that affects a person, but not their offspring.
12. Genetic damage is radiation damage that can affect chromosomes and offspring.
13. The rad is a unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a body.
14. The rem is a unit used to measure the amount of damage done to a body.
15. The annual amount of radiation to which a person is normally exposed is 100 - 300 mrem.

Answer:

1. o. TLD badge
2. j. scintillation counter
3. d. ionizing radiation
4. b. Geiger counter
5. n. phosphor
6. i. neutron activation analysis
7. k. radiotracer
8. f. iodine - 131
9. a. PET
10. l. gamma ray
11. m. somatic damage
12. h. genetic damage
13. e. rad
14. g. rem
15. c. 100 - 300 mrem