Question

section 1 assessment reviewing ideas and terms 1. a. recall what is the difference between civil liberties and civil rights? b. make inferences what do you think the desire for a bill of rights that some americans felt during the 1780s suggests about their attitude toward the new national government? 2. a. describe how do the courts help to protect civil liberties and rights? b. explain how can individual rights and the common good come into conflict? c. elaborate “my right to swing my fist ends where it meets your nose.” what do you think this statement means? 3. a. define define the following terms: due process, selective incorporation. b. explain how has the incorporation doctrine affected americans’ civil liberties? c. evaluate do you believe that each state should be bound by all guarantees and protections of the bill of rights?

Explanation:

1. a. Civil liberties are freedoms like speech and religion, protecting individuals from government over - reach. Civil rights are guarantees of equal treatment, such as non - discrimination in public services.

b. The desire for a bill of rights in the 1780s showed Americans' distrust and concern for protecting their individual freedoms from the new national government.

1. a. Courts protect civil liberties and rights by interpreting laws and the Constitution, striking down unconstitutional laws, and ensuring fair legal processes.

b. Individual rights can conflict with the common good when, for example, an individual's right to pollute for economic gain harms the health of the community.
c. This statement means that individual rights have limits. One's right to act freely ends when it infringes on another person's rights.

1. a. Due process is the fair treatment through the normal judicial system. Selective incorporation is the process by which the Supreme Court has applied parts of the Bill of Rights to the states.

b. The incorporation doctrine has expanded Americans' civil liberties by making state governments also abide by many Bill of Rights protections.
c. Arguments for states being bound by all Bill of Rights guarantees include ensuring equal protection nationwide. Arguments against may include concerns about state sovereignty and different state needs.

Answer:

1. a. Civil liberties are individual freedoms; civil rights are equal - treatment guarantees.

b. It showed distrust and concern for protecting individual freedoms.

1. a. By interpreting laws and striking down unconstitutional ones.

b. When individual actions harm the community.
c. Individual rights have limits at the point of infringing on others' rights.

1. a. Due process: fair judicial treatment; Selective incorporation: applying Bill of Rights to states.

b. It has expanded civil liberties by making states abide by Bill of Rights protections.
c. Arguments for: equal protection; Arguments against: state sovereignty and different needs.