Question

in skin cells, single base pair mutations have been associated with the development of a type of skin cancer. scientists first noticed this mutation in people who are frequently exposed to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds. this mutation occurs in a gene that codes for a protein which regulates cell division. which two statements describe a causal relationship between this mutation and skin cancer rather than a correlational relationship? move two statements that describe a causal relationship between the mutation and skin cancer to the box. people who develop the mutation have a greater chance of developing this type of cancer. the change of a single base pair codes for proline as the fifth amino acid instead of histidine. the mutation changes the resulting protein so that it can no longer control when a cell divides. this mutation is found at a higher rate among people who are exposed to ultraviolet radiation frequently.

Explanation:

A causal relationship shows how one factor directly causes the outcome, while correlation only shows a link without direct cause.

1. The mutation altering the protein's cell division control directly explains how it leads to unregulated growth (cancer).
2. The amino acid change is the direct molecular effect of the mutation that disrupts the protein's function, leading to cancer.

Statements about higher chance or UV exposure link are correlational, not direct causal mechanisms.

Answer:

1. The change of a single base pair codes for proline as the fifth amino acid instead of histidine.
2. The mutation changes the resulting protein so that it can no longer control when a cell divides.