Question

student handout 3.1
name____ class__ period____
answer the following questions.

1. what is the cell cycle?
2. draw a diagram of the cell cycle. include the two major parts of the cell cycle. write and/or draw what occurs inside the cell during each part?
3. what is mitosis?
4. mitosis produces identical ______ cells, not sperm or egg cells.
5. different types of cells divide at different rates. give an example of a type of body cell that divides often. give an example of a body cell that almost never divides.
6. where is the dna located in the cell?
7. how is the dna organized in the cell during mitosis?

Explanation:

1. The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication. It includes interphase (where the cell grows, replicates DNA) and the mitotic (M) phase (where cell division occurs).
2. The two major parts are interphase and the M - phase. In interphase (G1, S, G2), the cell grows, replicates DNA, and prepares for division. In M - phase (mitosis and cytokinesis), the nucleus divides (mitosis) and then the cell divides (cytokinesis). A simple diagram could have a circle divided into two parts labeled interphase and M - phase, with sub - processes written inside each part.
3. Mitosis is the process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that results in two daughter nuclei, each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
4. Somatic. Mitosis produces identical somatic cells.
5. Skin cells divide often as they are constantly being shed and replaced. Nerve cells in the adult brain almost never divide.
6. In eukaryotic cells, DNA is located in the nucleus. In prokaryotic cells, it is in the cytoplasm in a region called the nucleoid.
7. During mitosis, DNA condenses into visible chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids held together by a centromere.

Answer:

1. The cell cycle is a series of events that lead to cell division and duplication, including interphase and the mitotic phase.
2. Diagram: A circle divided into interphase and M - phase. In interphase: growth, DNA replication. In M - phase: nuclear and cell division.
3. Mitosis is nuclear division in eukaryotes resulting in two genetically identical daughter nuclei.
4. Somatic
5. Skin cells divide often; nerve cells in adult brain almost never divide.
6. In eukaryotes, in the nucleus; in prokaryotes, in the cytoplasm (nucleoid).
7. Condensed into visible chromosomes with sister chromatids held by centromeres.