sutter’s mill, 1848
in 1841, john sutter built a settlement and a fort to protect it on a span of land that is known today as sacramento, california. sutter’s settlement provided luxurious hospitality to people arriving in the harsh, rough landscape.
then, in 1848, james w. marshall, a carpenter employed by sutter, found gold flakes in a stream bed while building a water - powered sawmill. sutter and marshall agreed to become partners and tried to keep their discovery a secret. however, word of the gold flakes spread quickly. gold prospectors traveled from all parts of the world to california. they were known as the “forty - niners” since most came to california in 1849.
sutter’s luck ran out with the arrival of the forty - niners. these aggressive fortune seekers overwhelmed sutter’s fort. by 1852, sutter and his associates found themselves penniless. most of their goods had been stolen or destroyed.
the rush for gold also led to hazy futures for many of the forty - niners. searching for gold was hard work, and living conditions were primitive. prospectors had to be tough, flexible, and lucky to adapt and strike it rich on the rugged frontier.
1. what is meaning of the word luxurious as it is used in paragraph 1?
a) cheap b) simple c) fancy d) famous
2. what does the word overwhelmed mean as it is used in paragraph 3?
a) prevented b) overpowered c) encircled d) enriched
3. the latin word associāre means “to work with.” the word associates in paragraph 3 means
a) partners b) mingles c) enemies d) relates
4. pick the word that best defines flexible as it is used in paragraph 4.
a) strong b) bendable c) adaptable d) experienced
a common noun names a person, place, or thing. a proper noun names a specific person, place, or thing. for example, the word gold is a common noun, and sacramento is a proper noun. underline a common noun and a proper noun in “sutter’s mill, 1848.”
write your own
imagine you and your partner are prospectors. together, you have just arrived in california in 1849 from the eastern united states. write a 3 - 5 sentence story that uses at least three vocabulary words from the unit about your experiences searching for gold. then share your story with another pair.

Question

sutter’s mill, 1848
in 1841, john sutter built a settlement and a fort to protect it on a span of land that is known today as sacramento, california. sutter’s settlement provided luxurious hospitality to people arriving in the harsh, rough landscape.
then, in 1848, james w. marshall, a carpenter employed by sutter, found gold flakes in a stream bed while building a water - powered sawmill. sutter and marshall agreed to become partners and tried to keep their discovery a secret. however, word of the gold flakes spread quickly. gold prospectors traveled from all parts of the world to california. they were known as the “forty - niners” since most came to california in 1849.
sutter’s luck ran out with the arrival of the forty - niners. these aggressive fortune seekers overwhelmed sutter’s fort. by 1852, sutter and his associates found themselves penniless. most of their goods had been stolen or destroyed.
the rush for gold also led to hazy futures for many of the forty - niners. searching for gold was hard work, and living conditions were primitive. prospectors had to be tough, flexible, and lucky to adapt and strike it rich on the rugged frontier.
1. what is meaning of the word luxurious as it is used in paragraph 1?
  a) cheap  b) simple  c) fancy  d) famous
2. what does the word overwhelmed mean as it is used in paragraph 3?
  a) prevented  b) overpowered  c) encircled  d) enriched
3. the latin word associāre means “to work with.” the word associates in paragraph 3 means
  a) partners  b) mingles  c) enemies  d) relates
4. pick the word that best defines flexible as it is used in paragraph 4.
  a) strong  b) bendable  c) adaptable  d) experienced
a common noun names a person, place, or thing. a proper noun names a specific person, place, or thing. for example, the word gold is a common noun, and sacramento is a proper noun. underline a common noun and a proper noun in “sutter’s mill, 1848.”
write your own
imagine you and your partner are prospectors. together, you have just arrived in california in 1849 from the eastern united states. write a 3 - 5 sentence story that uses at least three vocabulary words from the unit about your experiences searching for gold. then share your story with another pair.

Accepted Answer

# Brief Explanations:
1. "Luxurious" implies something of high - quality and fancy. In the context, Sutter's settlement offered high - end hospitality.
2. "Overwhelmed" in the context means being overpowered as the fortune - seekers were too much for Sutter's Fort.
3. Given the Latin root "associare" meaning "to work with", "partners" is the most appropriate as it refers to people working together.
4. In the context of prospectors needing to adapt, "adaptable" best defines "flexible".
For the common and proper noun task, a common noun could be "mill" and a proper noun could be "Sutter's Mill".
# Answer:
1. C. fancy
2. B. overpowered
3. A. partners
4. C. adaptable
Common noun: mill; Proper noun: Sutter's Mill

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