Question

1. this thorny devil lives in the arid deserts of australia. scientists have observed that as it stands in the shallow water, it appears to be drinking through its feet. upon closer inspection, it is revealed that water is actually traveling, against gravity, up the arms and legs of the lizard. the thorny devil is covered in scaly bumps, grooves and crevasses, which act as passageways that carry the water up the lizards body. use the terms hydrogen bonds, adhesion, cohesion, and capillary action (capillarity) to describe how this occurs.

Explanation:

Water molecules have cohesive forces due to hydrogen - bonding between them, making them stick together. Adhesion is the attraction between water molecules and the surfaces of the lizard's scaly bumps, grooves, and crevasses. Capillary action occurs when the adhesive forces between water and the lizard's body surfaces are stronger than the cohesive forces within the water in some areas. This allows water to move against gravity through the narrow passageways (like capillaries) formed by the scaly features of the lizard's body.

Answer:

Hydrogen bonds create cohesive forces among water molecules. Adhesion makes water stick to the lizard's body surfaces. Capillary action, which is enabled by the balance of adhesion and cohesion, allows water to travel against gravity through the narrow passageways on the lizard's body.