1. transverse or longitudinal (compression) wave? which wave moves the medium in a direction perpendicular (right angles) to the direction of the wave?
2. transverse or longitudinal (compression) wave? which wave vibrates particles in the same direction (parallel) as the direction of the wave?
3. do the sound waves have higher frequency in front of the ambulance or behind it?
4. where would the person hear the higher pitch? where would she hear the lower pitch?
5. a place with no matter at all is called a vacuum. space is a vacuum. why is there no sound in space?
6. what two factors affect the speed at which sound travels? water and
7. speed = wavelength × frequency. if a wave has a wavelength of 45 meters and the frequency is 3.5 hz, what is the speed of the wave? (the unit is meters per second, or m/s)
8. what is frequency?
9. as wavelength increases, what happens to frequency?

Question

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Transverse waves are defined as waves where the medium's particles move perpendicular to the wave's direction of propagation. Longitudinal waves have particles moving parallel. So the wave with medium motion perpendicular is transverse.
# Answer:
Transverse wave

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Longitudinal (compression) waves have particles vibrating in the same (parallel) direction as the wave's travel. Transverse is perpendicular, so the wave with same - direction vibration is longitudinal.
# Answer:
Longitudinal (compression) wave

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
By the Doppler Effect, when a source (ambulance) moves towards an observer, the waves in front are compressed, leading to a higher frequency. So sound waves have higher frequency in front of the ambulance.
# Answer:
In front of the ambulance

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Pitch is related to frequency (higher frequency = higher pitch). From the Doppler Effect, in front of the moving ambulance (source moving towards), frequency is higher (higher pitch). Behind the ambulance (source moving away), frequency is lower (lower pitch).
# Answer:
Higher pitch: In front of the ambulance; Lower pitch: Behind the ambulance

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
Sound needs a medium (matter) to travel as it is a mechanical wave (it transfers energy through particle - particle interactions). In a vacuum (like space) with no matter, there are no particles to vibrate and transfer the sound wave.
# Answer:
Because sound is a mechanical wave that requires a medium (matter) to travel, and space is a vacuum (no matter), so sound can't propagate.

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
The speed of sound is affected by the medium's properties. The two main factors are the medium (e.g., solid, liquid, gas) and the temperature of the medium. (The question's "Water and" might be a typo, but the two factors are medium type and temperature.)
# Answer:
Medium (type of matter) and temperature (of the medium)

### Question 7
# Explanation:
## Step1: Identify the formula
We are given the formula for wave speed: $v=\lambda	imes f$, where $v$ is speed, $\lambda$ is wavelength, and $f$ is frequency.
## Step2: Substitute the values
We know that $\lambda = 45$ meters and $f=3.5$ Hz. Substitute these values into the formula: $v = 45	imes3.5$.
## Step3: Calculate the product
$45	imes3.5 = 157.5$.
# Answer:
157.5 m/s

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
Frequency is defined as the number of complete wave cycles (oscillations) that occur in one second. Its unit is hertz (Hz), where 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.
# Answer:
Frequency is the number of complete wave cycles (vibrations/oscillations) that occur in one second.

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
From the wave speed formula $v = \lambda	imes f$, if the speed $v$ of the wave in a given medium is constant (assuming the medium doesn't change), then $\lambda$ and $f$ are inversely proportional ($f=\frac{v}{\lambda}$). So as wavelength ($\lambda$) increases, frequency ($f$) decreases.
# Answer:
As wavelength increases, frequency decreases (because they are inversely proportional when wave speed is constant).

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