Question

1. use the data in the table to calculate the density of each unknown substance, then use the density chart provided to determine the identity of each substance. you do not have to show all work for this table and units have already been provided.

mass (g)	volume (cm³)	density (g/cm³)	substance
108	40	2.7
475	250	1.9
680	1000	0.68

densities of known substances:

substance	density (g/cm³)
mercury	13.5
lead	11.4
iron	7.87
aluminum	2.7
bone	1.7 - 2.0
gasoline	0.66 - 0.69
air (dry)	0.00119

Explanation:

Step1: Recall density formula

The formula for density is $
ho=\frac{m}{V}$, where $
ho$ is density, $m$ is mass and $V$ is volume.

Step2: Calculate density for first row

For mass $m = 171$ g and volume $V=15$ $cm^{3}$, $
ho=\frac{171}{15}=11.4$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Lead.

Step3: Calculate density for second row

For mass $m = 108$ g and volume $V = 40$ $cm^{3}$, $
ho=\frac{108}{40}=2.7$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Aluminum.

Step4: Calculate density for third row

For mass $m = 475$ g and volume $V = 250$ $cm^{3}$, $
ho=\frac{475}{250}=1.9$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Bone.

Step5: Calculate density for fourth row

For mass $m = 680$ g and volume $V = 1000$ $cm^{3}$, $
ho=\frac{680}{1000}=0.68$ $g/cm^{3}$. Comparing with the density - chart, the substance is Gasoline.

Answer:

Mass (g)	Volume ($cm^{3}$)	Density ($g/cm^{3}$)	Substance
108	40	2.7	Aluminum
475	250	1.9	Bone
680	1000	0.68	Gasoline