Question

use the double bar graph to answer 3 - 5

1. is the data displayed categorical or quantitative? explain.
2. for white people, how much more is the percent difference for less 15k compared to $15 - 30k? what about non - white people?

income loss due to covid - 19, by ra
% of workers affected
less $15k $15 - 30k $30 - 45k $45 - 75k
white people non - white peo
n white people = 568, n non - white people = 412

Explanation:

Step1: Determine data type for question 3

Categorical data is non - numerical and qualitative, while quantitative data is numerical. The data in the bar - graph represents the percentage of workers affected, which is numerical.

Step2: Calculate percent difference for white people in question 4

Percent difference formula is $\frac{|a - b|}{\frac{a + b}{2}}\times100\%$. For white people, $a = 61$ (Less $15K$) and $b = 52$ ($15 - 30K$). First, find the average $\frac{61+52}{2}=\frac{113}{2}=56.5$. Then, $|61 - 52| = 9$. Percent difference is $\frac{9}{56.5}\times100\%\approx15.9\%$.

Step3: Calculate percent difference for non - white people in question 4

For non - white people, $a = 53$ (Less $15K$) and $b = 50$ ($15 - 30K$). Average is $\frac{53 + 50}{2}=\frac{103}{2}=51.5$. $|53 - 50| = 3$. Percent difference is $\frac{3}{51.5}\times100\%\approx5.8\%$.

Answer:

1. The data is quantitative because it represents the percentage of workers affected, which is numerical.
2. For white people, the percent difference between Less $15K$ and $15 - 30K$ is approximately $15.9\%$. For non - white people, the percent difference between Less $15K$ and $15 - 30K$ is approximately $5.8\%$.