Question

use a greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element exce element if there is only 1.
1-mono
2-di
3-tri
4-tetra
5-penta
6-hexa
7-hepta
8-octa
9-nona
10-deca
when the greek prefix ends with the same vowel that the element na then the vowel on the prefix is dropped, (example: monoxide, diodine)

1. i₂br₄ ______
2. p₅f₈ ______
3. no₅ ______
4. nbr₃ ______
5. n₂o₅ ______
6. brcl₃ ______
7. h₂s ______
8. n₂o ______
9. so₃ ______
10. n₂s ______

Answer:

To solve the problem of naming these chemical compounds using Greek prefixes, we follow these steps for each compound:

5. $\boldsymbol{N_2O_5}$

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For nitrogen ($N$), the subscript is 2. From the Greek prefix list, 2 corresponds to "di".
• For oxygen ($O$), the subscript is 5. From the Greek prefix list, 5 corresponds to "penta".

Step 2: Name the compound

Combine the prefixes with the element names. The first element is nitrogen, and the second is oxygen (which becomes "oxide" in the compound name). So we have "dinitrogen pentoxide".

6. $\boldsymbol{BrCl_3}$

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For bromine ($Br$), the subscript is 1 (no subscript shown, so it's 1). From the Greek prefix list, 1 corresponds to "mono". But since the prefix ends with "o" and the element name "bromine" starts with "b" (no vowel conflict here, but usually, "mono" is used for the first element only if there is more than one atom in the second? Wait, no, the rule is: use a Greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element except if there is only 1 for the first element? Wait, the initial instruction says: "Use a Greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element except element if there is only 1." Wait, maybe it's "except for the first element if there is only 1". Let's re - read: "Use a Greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element except element if there is only 1." Maybe it's a typo, and it should be "except for the first element if there is only 1 atom of it". So for $BrCl_3$:
• Bromine ($Br$): subscript 1, so we don't use a prefix (since it's the first element and has 1 atom).
• Chlorine ($Cl$): subscript 3, so the prefix is "tri".

Step 2: Name the compound

The first element is bromine, the second is chlorine (becomes "chloride" in the compound name). So we have "bromine trichloride".

7. $\boldsymbol{H_2S}$

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For hydrogen ($H$), the subscript is 2, so the prefix is "di".
• For sulfur ($S$), the subscript is 1, so we don't use a prefix (since it's the second element? Wait, the rule: "Use a Greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element except element if there is only 1." Maybe for the first element, if there is 1, we don't use a prefix, for the second element, we use a prefix even if it's 1? Wait, no, let's check the examples. In $NO_5$ (problem 3), it's "mono nitrogen penta oxide" (assuming the first element has 1, so prefix "mono"). In $NBr_3$ (problem 4), it's "mono nitrogen tri bromide". So for $H_2S$:
• Hydrogen ($H$): subscript 2, prefix "di".
• Sulfur ($S$): subscript 1, since it's the second element, do we use a prefix? Wait, the rule says "except element if there is only 1". Maybe "except for the first element if there is only 1". So for the first element (hydrogen) with subscript 2, we use "di", for the second element (sulfur) with subscript 1, we don't use a prefix (because the rule says "except element if there is only 1" - maybe "except for the element (second) if there is only 1"? Wait, the example $H_2O$ is "dihydrogen monoxide", but here it's $H_2S$. Let's follow the pattern.
• Hydrogen: 2 atoms, prefix "di"
• Sulfur: 1 atom, no prefix (since the rule says "except element if there is only 1" - maybe for the second element, if there is 1, we don't use a prefix). So the name is "dihydrogen sulfide".

8. $\boldsymbol{N_2O}$ (Correction to the given wrong answer)

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For nitrogen ($N$), the subscript is 2, so the prefix is "di".
• For oxygen ($O$), the subscript is 1, so the prefix is "mono" (since it's the second element, and we use a prefix for the second element even if it's 1, according to the rule "use a Greek prefix to specify how many atoms of each element except element if there is only 1" - maybe "except for the first element if there is only 1").

Step 2: Name the compound

The first element is nitrogen, the second is oxygen (becomes "oxide"). So the correct name is "dinitrogen monoxide" (the given answer "mono nitrogen di oxide" is wrong, it should be "dinitrogen monoxide").

9. $\boldsymbol{SO_3}$ (Correction to the given wrong answer)

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For sulfur ($S$), the subscript is 1, so we don't use a prefix (since it's the first element and has 1 atom).
• For oxygen ($O$), the subscript is 3, so the prefix is "tri".

Step 2: Name the compound

The first element is sulfur, the second is oxygen (becomes "oxide"). So the correct name is "sulfur trioxide" (the given answer "mono sulfur tri oxide" is wrong, we don't use "mono" for the first element with 1 atom).

10. $\boldsymbol{N_2S}$

Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element

• For nitrogen ($N$), the subscript is 2, so the prefix is "di".
• For sulfur ($S$), the subscript is 1, so we don't use a prefix (since it's the second element and has 1 atom, following the rule "except element if there is only 1").

Step 2: Name the compound

The first element is nitrogen, the second is sulfur (becomes "sulfide"). So the name is "dinitrogen sulfide".

Final Answers for each sub - problem:

1. $\boldsymbol{N_2O_5}$: dinitrogen pentoxide
2. $\boldsymbol{BrCl_3}$: bromine trichloride
3. $\boldsymbol{H_2S}$: dihydrogen sulfide
4. $\boldsymbol{N_2O}$: dinitrogen monoxide
5. $\boldsymbol{SO_3}$: sulfur trioxide
6. $\boldsymbol{N_2S}$: dinitrogen sulfide