Question

using key terms
use each of the following terms in a separate sentence.

1. observation
2. peer review
3. theory

for each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ.

1. hypothesis and theory
2. geology and astronomy
3. oceanography and meteorology
4. dependent variable and independent variable
5. earth science and geology

understanding key concepts

1. the study of solid earth is called

a. geology. c. oceanography.
b. meteorology d. astronomy.

1. the earth scientist most likely to study storms is a(n)

a. geologist. c. oceanographer.
b. meteorologist. d. astronomer.

1. the study of the origin of the solar system and the universe in general is

a. geology. c. meteorology.
b. ecology. d. astronomy.

1. how long ago were the first scientific observations about earth made?

a. a few years ago
b. a few decades ago
c. hundreds of years ago
d. several thousand years ago

1. the earth scientist most likely to study volcanoes is a(n)

a. geologist. c. oceanographer.
b. meteorologist. d. astronomer.

Explanation:

1. Hypothesis is a proposed explanation, theory is well - tested.
2. Geology studies solid Earth, astronomy studies celestial bodies.
3. Oceanography focuses on oceans, meteorology on atmosphere.
4. Dependent changes with independent.
5. Earth science is broader, geology on solid Earth.

9 - 13: a, b, d, d, a respectively by definitions.

Answer:

1. Hypothesis is tentative, theory is proven.
2. Geology: Earth's solid parts; Astronomy: space objects.
3. Oceanography: oceans; Meteorology: weather.
4. Dependent depends on independent.
5. Earth science > geology.
6. a. geology
7. b. meteorologist
8. d. astronomy
9. d. several thousand years ago
10. a. geologist