Question

what is aperture and how do i change it? what is depth of field and how do i control it?

Explanation:

Aperture is the opening in a camera lens through which light passes. It's measured in f - numbers (e.g., f/5.6). A smaller f - number means a larger aperture and more light. To change it, on a DSLR or mirrorless camera, you can switch to aperture - priority mode (usually labeled 'A' or 'Av') and use the control dials. Depth of field is the range of distance in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Aperture affects it: a large aperture (small f - number) gives a shallow depth of field, blurring the background. To control it, adjust the aperture as described, and also consider the focal length (longer focal lengths reduce depth of field) and the distance to the subject (closer subjects reduce depth of field).

Answer:

Aperture is the lens opening for light, measured in f - numbers. Change it in aperture - priority mode with control dials. Depth of field is the sharp range in a photo. Control it by adjusting aperture, focal length, and subject distance.