Question

1. what is an isotope? give an example.

Explanation:

An isotope is a variant of a chemical element that has the same number of protons (atomic number) but a different number of neutrons in its atomic nucleus, resulting in a different atomic mass. For example, carbon - 12 ($^{12}\text{C}$) and carbon - 14 ($^{14}\text{C}$) are isotopes of carbon. Carbon - 12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, while carbon - 14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

Answer:

An isotope is a variant of an element with the same atomic number (same number of protons) but different atomic mass (different number of neutrons). Example: Carbon - 12 ($^{12}\text{C}$) and Carbon - 14 ($^{14}\text{C}$).