Question

what principle is defined as a theory of governance in which the government only has those powers delegated to it by law, often through a written constitution?
popular sovereignty
federalism
limited government
checks and balances

Explanation:

Limited government restricts government power to only those delegated by law, often via a written constitution. Checks and balances is about separation of powers to prevent abuse. Federalism is about division of power between central and sub - national governments. Popular sovereignty is about power residing with the people. The description in the question matches limited government.

Answer:

Limited Government