Question

1. what was a significant environmental consequence of european exploitation of natural resources in colonies?

a. urbanization
b. sustainable development
c. improvement in agricultural techniques
d. deforestation and soil depletion

1. what innovation revolutionized sea travel by reducing ocean crossing times?

a. telegraph
b. railroads
c. canals
d. steamships

Explanation:

For the first question: Urbanization is a social change, sustainable development and improved agricultural techniques are not negative environmental consequences of exploitation. European colonial resource extraction often involved clearing forests for crops/raw materials and overusing soil, leading to depletion.
For the second question: Telegraph is communication, railroads are land transport, canals are inland waterways. Steamships replaced wind-powered vessels, drastically cutting ocean crossing times.

Answer:

1. d. Deforestation and soil depletion
2. d. Steamships