Question

what did spain, france, and russia have in common during the 1500s and 1600s?
○ they experienced long periods of peace.
○ they experimented with republican forms of government.
○ they saw the overthrow of their kings during these years.
○ they all had absolute rulers who built strong, central governments.

Explanation:

• Spain (e.g., Philip II), France (e.g., Louis XIV), and Russia (e.g., Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great) were ruled by absolute monarchs in the 1500s-1600s. These rulers consolidated power, centralized their governments, and reduced the influence of feudal nobles or regional bodies.
• The other options are incorrect: all three states fought frequent wars; none adopted republican governments; no ruling monarchs were overthrown in this period.

Answer:

D. They all had absolute rulers who built strong, central governments.