Question

what will we do? we will identify patterns among the genotypes of the female individuals, comparing them to the cubs, in order to reassess our hypotheses regarding their relationships. procedure: 1. using the genotype data from data set 4, look for patterns among individuals. 2. consider possible family relationships that exist among members of the pride, based on this combined data. 3. discuss with your group how this data could be used to definitely determine who the mother is of the cubs. 4. complete making sense section. 5. determine whether your hypothesis for parentage was proven true or false, citing evidence. making sense: 1. what observations did you make when viewing the genotypes? 2. discuss with your group how you can make sense of this genotype data and how it can be used to determine parentage. 3. did this data prove your hypotheses? why or why not? 4. cite your evidence here: 5. what other information do you need to determine parentage?

Explanation:

1. When viewing genotypes, one might observe shared alleles among individuals, which could indicate family - like relationships. For example, if multiple individuals have the same rare allele, they may be related.
2. Genotype data can be used to determine parentage by looking at the inheritance patterns of alleles. Offspring inherit one allele from each parent for each gene locus. By comparing the genotypes of potential parents and offspring, we can see if the alleles match the expected inheritance patterns.
3. Whether the data proves the hypothesis depends on if the observed allele - sharing patterns match the hypothesized parent - offspring relationships. If the genotypes of the supposed offspring contain alleles that can be traced back to the supposed parents in the expected way, the hypothesis is supported. Otherwise, it is not.
4. Evidence could include specific allele matches at multiple gene loci. For example, if at locus A, the offspring has allele a1 and one of the supposed parents also has a1, and this pattern is repeated at multiple loci, it is evidence of a relationship.
5. Other information could include phenotype data (observable traits), which may sometimes be linked to certain genotypes. Also, more detailed family history information such as known mating events or geographical proximity of individuals could be helpful.

Answer:

1. Observed shared alleles among individuals which may indicate relationships.
2. By looking at inheritance patterns of alleles as offspring inherit from parents.
3. Depends on if allele - sharing patterns match hypothesized relationships.
4. Specific allele matches at multiple gene loci.
5. Phenotype data and more detailed family history information.