Question

which is a characteristic of all waves?
all waves carry energy.
all waves move through space.
all waves move through matter, from particle to particle.
all waves transfer energy perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.

Explanation:

Waves are disturbances that transfer energy. All waves carry energy, which is a fundamental characteristic. Some waves like light can move through space (electromagnetic waves), but mechanical waves need a medium (so "all waves move through space" is incorrect). Not all waves move through matter from particle - to - particle (electromagnetic waves don't need a medium). The statement about energy transfer perpendicular to wave motion is only true for transverse waves, not all waves.

Answer:

All waves carry energy.