Question

2.4 worksheet
matter cycles through earths systems
understanding how matter cycles through earths systems is crucial for seeing how life is sustained on our planet. matter, such as water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, constantly moves through the earths atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere in cycles called biogeochemical cycles. these cycles are powered by energy from the sun and earths core. the water cycle moves water from oceans and lakes to the atmosphere and back to land and water. the carbon cycle circulates carbon through living things, the air, and rocks. the nitrogen cycle turns nitrogen gas from the air into forms plants and animals can use. the phosphorus cycle moves phosphorus through rocks, water, and living things. human activities, like burning fossil fuels and using fertilizers, can greatly affect these cycles, changing ecosystems and sometimes causing problems like climate change and nutrient pollution.
fill in the blank: fill in the blank with the correct words.
word bank: water cycle, algal, nitrogen, carbon, sun

1. the movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff is called the
2. in the ____ cycle, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air during photosynthesis.
3. nitrogen is made usable for living things through a process called ____ fixation.
4. ____ is the main energy source that drives the cycling of matter on earth.
5. when too much nitrogen or phosphorus enters water, it can cause an ____ bloom.

multiple choice questions: choose the correct answer from the choices for each question.

1. which cycle does not include a gas phase in earths atmosphere?

a) water cycle
b) carbon cycle
c) nitrogen cycle
d) phosphorus cycle

1. what is the biggest source of energy for earths matter cycles?

a) volcanoes
b) plants
c) the sun
d) fossil fuels

1. what process adds extra carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a) photosynthesis
b) burning fossil fuels
c) precipitation
d) transpiration

1. which of the following is needed by plants to make proteins and dna?

a) nitrogen
b) oxygen

Explanation:

1. The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff of water.
2. In the carbon cycle, plants take in carbon - dioxide during photosynthesis.
3. In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is made usable through nitrogen fixation.
4. The sun is the main energy source for Earth's matter cycles.
5. Excess nitrogen or phosphorus can cause an algal bloom.

For multiple - choice:

1. The phosphorus cycle does not have a significant gas phase in the atmosphere compared to water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles.
2. The sun is the biggest energy source for Earth's matter cycles.
3. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Photosynthesis takes in carbon dioxide, precipitation is related to water, and transpiration is water loss from plants.
4. Nitrogen is needed by plants to make proteins and DNA.

Answer:

Fill in the Blank:

1. water cycle
2. carbon
3. nitrogen; nitrogen
4. Sun
5. algal

Multiple Choice Questions:

1. d) Phosphorus cycle
2. c) The sun
3. b) Burning fossil fuels
4. a) Nitrogen