Question

1. write the codon that corresponds with each amino acid. there may be more than one. the full names are written, but the codon chart only shows the first three letters.

proline _______________ glycine _______________
valine _______________ phenylalanine _______________
histidine _______________ arginine _______________

1. a single codon is used to signal the beginning of protein synthesis. it is commonly called the start codon.

locate the start codon on the chart. what are the three bases of this codon? _____

1. there are three codons that signal the end of synthesis, these are called stop codons.

what are the three stop codons?

Explanation:

Question 2

To determine the codons for each amino acid, we refer to the standard genetic code (codon chart). Each amino acid (except start/stop) is encoded by one or more three - nucleotide codons.

• Proline: The codons for proline are CCU, CCC, CCA, CCG. This is because in the genetic code, proline is specified by codons that start with 'CC' followed by U, C, A, or G.
• Glycine: Glycine is encoded by GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG. The genetic code shows that glycine's codons start with 'GG' and end with U, C, A, or G.
• Valine: Valine has codons GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG. These codons start with 'GU' and end with U, C, A, or G according to the genetic code.
• Phenylalanine: Phenylalanine is encoded by UUU, UUC. The genetic code indicates that these two codons specify phenylalanine.
• Histidine: Histidine's codons are CAU, CAC. These are the codons that correspond to histidine in the genetic code.
• Arginine: Arginine has multiple codons: CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG. The first four start with 'CG' and end with U, C, A, G, and the last two start with 'AG' and end with A, G.

The start codon, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis, is AUG. This is a well - known part of the genetic code. AUG also codes for the amino acid methionine, but its primary function in the context of protein synthesis initiation is to act as the start codon.

The three stop codons in the genetic code are UAA, UAG, and UGA. These codons do not code for any amino acid but instead signal the termination of protein synthesis.

Answer:

• proline: CCU, CCC, CCA, CCG
• glycine: GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG
• valine: GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG
• phenylalanine: UUU, UUC
• histidine: CAU, CAC
• arginine: CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG

Question 3