Question

write correct formulas of the compounds formed when the positive ions in the vertical column combine with the negative ions listed across the top row. the first row are done for you.

	carbonate	hydroxide	nitrate	oxide	phosphate	sulphite
ammonium	(nh₄)₂co₃
barium
calcium
cobalt(iii)
copper(i)
copper(ii)
iron(iii)
lead(ii)
lead(iv)
magnesium
manganese(ii)
potassium
silver
sodium
zinc

Explanation:

Step1: Determine ion charges

Aluminum ion ($Al^{3 + }$), carbonate ion ($CO_{3}^{2 - }$), hydroxide ion ($OH^{-}$), nitrate ion ($NO_{3}^{-}$), oxide ion ($O^{2 - }$), phosphate ion ($PO_{4}^{3 - }$), sulphite ion ($SO_{3}^{2 - }$).

Step2: Apply charge - balance rule for compounds

For aluminum hydroxide: Al has a + 3 charge and OH has a - 1 charge. To balance the charges, we need 3 OH⁻ ions for 1 Al³⁺ ion, so the formula is $Al(OH)_{3}$.
For aluminum nitrate: Al has a + 3 charge and $NO_{3}^{-}$ has a - 1 charge. We need 3 $NO_{3}^{-}$ ions for 1 Al³⁺ ion, so the formula is $Al(NO_{3})_{3}$.
For aluminum oxide: Al has a + 3 charge and O has a - 2 charge. The least - common multiple of 3 and 2 is 6. So we need 2 Al³⁺ ions and 3 O²⁻ ions, and the formula is $Al_{2}O_{3}$.
For aluminum phosphate: Al has a + 3 charge and $PO_{4}^{3 - }$ has a - 3 charge. The formula is $AlPO_{4}$.
For aluminum sulphite: Al has a + 3 charge and $SO_{3}^{2 - }$ has a - 2 charge. The least - common multiple of 3 and 2 is 6. So we need 2 Al³⁺ ions and 3 $SO_{3}^{2 - }$ ions, and the formula is $Al_{2}(SO_{3})_{3}$.
For ammonium hydroxide: Ammonium ion ($NH_{4}^{+}$) and hydroxide ion ($OH^{-}$), the formula is $NH_{4}OH$.
For ammonium nitrate: Ammonium ion ($NH_{4}^{+}$) and nitrate ion ($NO_{3}^{-}$), the formula is $NH_{4}NO_{3}$.
For ammonium oxide: Ammonium ion ($NH_{4}^{+}$) and oxide ion ($O^{2 - }$), we need 2 $NH_{4}^{+}$ ions for 1 $O^{2 - }$ ion, so the formula is $(NH_{4})_{2}O$.
For ammonium phosphate: Ammonium ion ($NH_{4}^{+}$) and phosphate ion ($PO_{4}^{3 - }$), we need 3 $NH_{4}^{+}$ ions for 1 $PO_{4}^{3 - }$ ion, so the formula is $(NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}$.
For ammonium sulphite: Ammonium ion ($NH_{4}^{+}$) and sulphite ion ($SO_{3}^{2 - }$), we need 2 $NH_{4}^{+}$ ions for 1 $SO_{3}^{2 - }$ ion, so the formula is $(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{3}$.
For barium compounds: Barium ion ($Ba^{2 + }$).

• Barium hydroxide: $Ba(OH)_{2}$ (2 OH⁻ for 1 $Ba^{2 + }$).
• Barium nitrate: $Ba(NO_{3})_{2}$ (2 $NO_{3}^{-}$ for 1 $Ba^{2 + }$).
• Barium oxide: $BaO$ (1 $O^{2 - }$ for 1 $Ba^{2 + }$).
• Barium phosphate: $Ba_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ (3 $Ba^{2 + }$ for 2 $PO_{4}^{3 - }$).
• Barium sulphite: $BaSO_{3}$ (1 $SO_{3}^{2 - }$ for 1 $Ba^{2 + }$).

And so on for other metal ions following the same charge - balance principle.

Answer:

	carbonate	hydroxide	nitrate	oxide	phosphate	sulphite
ammonium	$(NH_{4})_{2}CO_{3}$	$NH_{4}OH$	$NH_{4}NO_{3}$	$(NH_{4})_{2}O$	$(NH_{4})_{3}PO_{4}$	$(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{3}$
barium	$BaCO_{3}$	$Ba(OH)_{2}$	$Ba(NO_{3})_{2}$	$BaO$	$Ba_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$BaSO_{3}$
calcium	$CaCO_{3}$	$Ca(OH)_{2}$	$Ca(NO_{3})_{2}$	$CaO$	$Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$CaSO_{3}$
cobalt(III)	$Co_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}$	$Co(OH)_{3}$	$Co(NO_{3})_{3}$	$Co_{2}O_{3}$	$CoPO_{4}$	$Co_{2}(SO_{3})_{3}$
copper(I)	$Cu_{2}CO_{3}$	$CuOH$	$CuNO_{3}$	$Cu_{2}O$	$Cu_{3}PO_{4}$	$Cu_{2}SO_{3}$
copper(II)	$CuCO_{3}$	$Cu(OH)_{2}$	$Cu(NO_{3})_{2}$	$CuO$	$Cu_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$CuSO_{3}$
iron(III)	$Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}$	$Fe(OH)_{3}$	$Fe(NO_{3})_{3}$	$Fe_{2}O_{3}$	$FePO_{4}$	$Fe_{2}(SO_{3})_{3}$
lead(II)	$PbCO_{3}$	$Pb(OH)_{2}$	$Pb(NO_{3})_{2}$	$PbO$	$Pb_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$PbSO_{3}$
lead(IV)	$Pb(CO_{3})_{2}$	$Pb(OH)_{4}$	$Pb(NO_{3})_{4}$	$PbO_{2}$	$Pb_{3}(PO_{4})_{4}$	$Pb(SO_{3})_{2}$
magnesium	$MgCO_{3}$	$Mg(OH)_{2}$	$Mg(NO_{3})_{2}$	$MgO$	$Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$MgSO_{3}$
manganese(II)	$MnCO_{3}$	$Mn(OH)_{2}$	$Mn(NO_{3})_{2}$	$MnO$	$Mn_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$MnSO_{3}$
potassium	$K_{2}CO_{3}$	$KOH$	$KNO_{3}$	$K_{2}O$	$K_{3}PO_{4}$	$K_{2}SO_{3}$
silver	$Ag_{2}CO_{3}$	$AgOH$	$AgNO_{3}$	$Ag_{2}O$	$Ag_{3}PO_{4}$	$Ag_{2}SO_{3}$
sodium	$Na_{2}CO_{3}$	$NaOH$	$NaNO_{3}$	$Na_{2}O$	$Na_{3}PO_{4}$	$Na_{2}SO_{3}$
zinc	$ZnCO_{3}$	$Zn(OH)_{2}$	$Zn(NO_{3})_{2}$	$ZnO$	$Zn_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$	$ZnSO_{3}$