Question

1. leonardo da vinci a true renaissance man he flying machines
2. niccolo machiavelli wrote about how to gai maintain power through any me

13 vernacular

1. perspective

Explanation:

To answer these questions, we analyze each term:

11. Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci was a quintessential Renaissance man. He made sketches of flying machines (like ornithopters) and had diverse talents in art, science, engineering, etc. His work on flying machines (early aviation concepts) and his broad contributions (art, anatomy, inventions) define him as a Renaissance polymath.

12. Niccolo Machiavelli

Machiavelli is known for his work The Prince, where he wrote about how to gain and maintain power (often through pragmatic, even ruthless, means). His ideas on political power and leadership (realpolitik) are iconic.

13. Vernacular

Vernacular refers to the everyday language spoken by ordinary people in a region, as opposed to formal/literary languages (e.g., Latin) or foreign languages. During the Renaissance, using vernacular (e.g., Dante’s Italian, Chaucer’s English) in literature helped spread ideas to wider audiences.

14. Perspective

In art (especially Renaissance art), perspective is a technique to create the illusion of depth and three - dimensionality on a two - dimensional surface. It uses principles like vanishing points and horizon lines to make scenes look realistic (e.g., in paintings by Brunelleschi, Leonardo, or Raphael).

Answer:

s:

1. A true Renaissance man; he designed flying machines (and excelled in art, science, engineering, etc.).
2. Wrote about how to gain and maintain power through any means (from The Prince).
3. The everyday language spoken by ordinary people in a region (vs. formal/literary languages).
4. A technique in art to create the illusion of depth/3D on a 2D surface (using vanishing points, etc.).