Question

1. different cells in the human body contain different numbers of mitochondria. the chart below shows the approximate number of mitochondria present in various cells.

number of mitochondria in various cells
liver cell 2,600
skeletal muscle cell 1,200
white blood cell in lung 700
dermal cell (just under the skin) 200
white adipose cell (fat storage) 100
red blood cell 0
number of mitochondria per cell
state which cell type would probably be most affected by mitochondrial diseases. support your answer.

1. the sequence that best illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem is

a) sunlight → plant → wolf → rabbit
b) plant → sunlight → rabbit → wolf
c) sunlight → plant → rabbit → wolf
d) wolf → rabbit → plant → sunlight

1. the most likely result of completely removing carbon dioxide from the environment of a plant is that sugar production will

a) continue at the same rate
b) increase and oxygen production will also increase
c) increase and oxygen production will stay the same
d) decrease and eventually stop

1. the chart below lists substances involved in the process of photosynthesis.

substance
a glucose
b oxygen
c carbon dioxide
d water
which statement best describes how these substances interact in photosynthesis?
a) a and b combine to produce c and d.
b) b and c combine to produce a and d.
c) c and d combine to produce a and b.
d) a and c combine to produce b and d.

Explanation:

1. Liver cells have the highest number of mitochondria (2,600) among the cells listed. Since mitochondrial diseases affect mitochondria - the more mitochondria a cell has, the more it will be impacted. So liver cells would be most affected.
2. In an ecosystem, sunlight is the initial energy source. Plants (producers) convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Herbivores like rabbits eat plants, and carnivores like wolves eat rabbits. So the correct energy - flow sequence is sunlight → plant → rabbit → wolf.
3. Carbon dioxide is a key reactant in photosynthesis. Without it, the process of producing sugars (glucose) through photosynthesis will decrease and eventually stop as there is no carbon source for the synthesis of organic compounds.
4. In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (C) and water (D) combine in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll to produce glucose (A) and oxygen (B).

Answer:

1. Liver cells; because they have the highest number of mitochondria among the listed cells.
2. C. sunlight → plant → rabbit → wolf
3. D. decrease and eventually stop
4. C. C and D combine to produce A and B.