25 the human stomach is
a. made up of a single type of cell.
b. a single tissue.
c. a simple organ.
d. a complex organ.
e. an organ system.
26. which of the following is not part of the mammalian digestive system?
a. esophagus
b. crop
c. stomach
d. small intestine
e. large intestine
27. in which of the following lists are the structures listed in order from the simplest to the most complex?
a. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
b. tissue, organ, organ system, cell
c. cell, organ system, system, tissue
d. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
e. cell, organ, tissue, organ system
28. which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between ph and enzyme activity?
a. all enzymes function best around ph 7.
b. all enzymes function best when the ph is less than 7.
c. all enzymes function best when the ph is greater than 7.
d. there are some enzymes that function when the ph is less than 7 and others that function when the ph is greater than 7.
e. there are some enzymes that function when the ph is less than 7, some that function around ph 7, and others that function when the ph is greater than 7.
29. which of the following statements is true?
a. canines are used mainly for tearing.
b. canines are used mainly for grinding.
c. molars are used mainly for tearing.
d. molars are used mainly for grinding.
e. incisors are used mainly for grinding.
30. which of the following factors probably does not contribute to the formation of peptic ulcers?
a. stress
b. diet
c. a bacterium known as heliobacter pylori
d. drinking large amounts of milk
e. drinking large amounts of orange juice
31. which of the following enzymes breaks down fats?
a. amylase
b. maltase
c. trypsin
d. lipase
e. dissacharidase
32. which of the following is not a function of the liver?
a. production of bile salts
b. manufacture of blood proteins from amino acids
c. removal of toxic ammonia group from amino acids
d. glucose conversion into glycogen and vice versa
e. neutralization of the acids released by the stomach

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Accepted Answer

### Question 25
# Brief Explanations:
The human stomach is composed of multiple types of cells (so a is wrong), multiple tissues (so b is wrong), it's a complex organ (not simple, so c is wrong), and it's an organ (not an organ system, so e is wrong). So the correct answer is d.
# Answer:
d. a complex organ.

### Question 26
# Brief Explanations:
The esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are part of the mammalian digestive system. A crop is a structure in birds (and some other non - mammalian species) for storing food, not part of the mammalian digestive system.
# Answer:
b. crop

### Question 27
# Brief Explanations:
The biological organization level from simplest to most complex is cell (the basic unit), then tissue (group of similar cells), then organ (group of tissues), then organ system (group of organs). So the correct order is cell, tissue, organ, organ system.
# Answer:
d. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

### Question 28
# Brief Explanations:
Enzymes have different optimal pH values. Some work best at pH less than 7 (like pepsin in the stomach), some around pH 7 (like many enzymes in the cytoplasm), and some at pH greater than 7 (like trypsin in the small intestine). So option e correctly describes this diversity.
# Answer:
e. There are some enzymes that function when the pH is less than 7, some that function around pH 7, and others that function when the pH is greater than 7.

### Question 29
# Brief Explanations:
Canines are used for tearing (so a is correct in part, but let's check others). Molars are used for grinding (so d is correct, b is wrong as canines tear, c is wrong as molars grind, e is wrong as incisors are for cutting). Wait, a says "Canines are used mainly for tearing" which is correct, d says "Molars are used mainly for grinding" which is also correct? Wait, maybe a typo in options. Wait, original options: a. Canines are used mainly for tearing. d. Molars are used mainly for grinding. b. Canines are used mainly for grinding. e. Incisors are used mainly for grinding. c. Molars are used mainly for tearing. So canines tear (a correct), molars grind (d correct). But maybe the question has a single correct answer. Wait, in standard dental function: canines - tearing, molars - grinding, incisors - cutting. So both a and d are correct? But maybe in the options, maybe a typo. Wait, the options as given: a. Canines are used mainly for tearing. d. Molars are used mainly for grinding. So both are correct? But maybe the question expects one. Wait, maybe I misread. Wait, the options: a. Canines are used mainly for tearing. d. Molars are used mainly for grinding. b. Canines are used mainly for grinding. e. Incisors are used mainly for grinding. c. Molars are used mainly for tearing. So the correct ones are a and d. But maybe the question has a single answer, maybe a is the intended? Wait, no, molars do grind. Wait, maybe the options have a mistake, but according to standard knowledge, canines tear (a correct) and molars grind (d correct). But if we have to choose one, maybe d? Wait, no, a is also correct. Wait, maybe the question is from a source where both a and d are correct, but let's check again.
# Answer:
a. Canines are used mainly for tearing, d. Molars are used mainly for grinding (Note: If only one answer is allowed, there might be a mistake in the question, but based on dental function, both a and d are correct. However, if we follow the options as given, and assume a single answer, maybe the intended is a or d. But more likely, d is also correct. Wait, maybe the original question has a typo, but according to the options, the correct ones are a and d. But if we have to pick one, let's see: canines - tearing (a), molars - grinding (d). So both are correct. But maybe the question expects d? Or a? Maybe the question has a mistake, but we'll go with the correct ones.

### Question 30
# Brief Explanations:
Stress, diet, Helicobacter pylori, and drinking acidic drinks (like orange juice) can contribute to peptic ulcers. Drinking milk is often thought to soothe the stomach, and it does not contribute to peptic ulcers.
# Answer:
d. drinking large amounts of milk

### Question 31
# Brief Explanations:
Amylase breaks down starch, maltase breaks down maltose, trypsin breaks down proteins, disaccharidase breaks down disaccharides, and lipase breaks down fats.
# Answer:
d. lipase

### Question 32
# Brief Explanations:
The liver produces bile salts (a is a function), manufactures blood proteins from amino acids (b is a function), removes the toxic ammonia group from amino acids (c is a function), converts glucose to glycogen and vice versa (d is a function). The neutralization of stomach acids is done by bicarbonate in pancreatic juice and bile, not the liver. So e is not a function of the liver.
# Answer:
e. neutralization of the acids released by the stomach

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