Question

1. how do the organisms living around yellowstones hot springs get energy?

a) by eating alga
b) from the heat in the hot spring
c) from photosynthesis
d) from chemosynthesis
e) no organisms can live at the depths of black smokers

1. based on what you know of photosynthesis, what effect would clear - cutting of large forests have on the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a) it would increase the level of carbon dioxide since less photosynthesis would be taking place.
b) the amount of carbon dioxide would be decreased since the trees would no longer be living.
c) there would be no change in carbon dioxide levels since humans put carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels.
d) the amount of carbon dioxide would be the same since the reaction rates of photosynthesis and respiration are equal.

1. if you were to remove the top predator (a tertiary or secondary consumer) in a food web or food chain,

a) there would be an increase in the number of producers.
b) the producer population will be depleted because there are more primary consumers or herbivores.
c) another predator would move in and take its place as top predator.
d) there would be no change in the exchange of energy since predators get very little (only 10%) of the energy from their food source.

1. water supplies contaminated with algae that produce toxins making the water unfit to drink is an example of the human impact to the

a) hydrologic cycle.
b) carbon cycle.
c) nitrogen cycle.
d) sulfur cycle.

1. the amount of biomass that is produced in an area during a given time would be referred to as

a) productivity.
b) chemosynthesis.
c) nutrient load.
d) production.

Explanation:

• Question 36: Organisms around Yellowstone's hot springs are often extremophiles that obtain energy through chemosynthesis as the environment is not conducive to photosynthesis and there isn't abundant algae for them to eat. Heat is not an energy - source in the way these organisms use for metabolism.
• Question 37: Photosynthesis by plants takes in carbon dioxide. Clear - cutting large forests reduces the number of plants available for photosynthesis, so less carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere, increasing its level.
• Question 38: Removing the top predator leads to an increase in the number of primary consumers (herbivores) as there is less predation pressure. These herbivores will then consume more of the producers, depleting the producer population.
• Question 39: Algae - contaminated water is related to the hydrologic cycle as it affects the quality of water in the cycle, making it unfit for human consumption. It is not directly related to the carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur cycles.
• Question 40: Productivity is defined as the amount of biomass produced in an area during a given time.

Answer:

1. D. from chemosynthesis
2. A. It would increase the level of carbon dioxide since less photosynthesis would be taking place.
3. B. the producer population will be depleted because there are more primary consumers or herbivores.
4. A. hydrologic cycle.
5. A. productivity.