Question

1. why does a patient involved in an auto - crash who has major internal abdominal bleeding require to maintain internal respiration?

a) the swelling of the abdominal space causes the diaphragm to be restricted, which will reduce the thorax space.
b) a lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability.
c) a lack of oxygen in the air decreases the oxygen diffused into the bloodstream, which creates an increase of carbon dioxide.
d) the red blood cells have a reduction of hemoglobin that reduces the amount of oxygen that can be transport

1. you have arrived at the scene of a call for a \man down.\ as you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid - 60s who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. he is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. which of the following should you do first?

a) check for a radial pulse.
b) listen to his lung sounds.
c) assist ventilations with a bag - valve mask and supplemental oxygen.
d) obtain the patients medical history.

1. you and your emt partner are preparing to ventilate an elderly non - trauma patient who has a stoma. your partner performs the head - tilt, chin - lift maneuver and you ask him to return the patients head to a neutral position. \why? this is not a pediatric patient!\ your partner protests. what would you say?

a) stoma breathers should only have their airways positioned after placement of the ventilation device.
b) it is not necessary to position the airway of a stoma breather when providing ventilations.
c) elderly patients should never have their heads tilted back because spinal curvatures are common and can prevent airway positioning.
d) using the head - tilt, chin - lift prior to clearing any mucus plugs from the stoma can cause airway occlusion.

1. the oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed ________ liters per minute.

a) 6
b) 8
c) 2
d) 4

1. which of the following oxygen cylinders would normally run out after 50 minutes when flowing at 10 liters per minute?

a) d cylinder
b) g cylinder
c) m cylinder
d) e cylinder

Explanation:

1. A patient with major internal abdominal bleeding has reduced circulating volume. This leads to decreased oxygen - carrying capacity and reduced oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. Option B is correct as it correctly describes the impact of low circulating volume on gas transport.
2. In a "man - down" situation, the first step is to check for a radial pulse to assess circulation. Option A is correct as it is a fundamental initial assessment.
3. For a stoma patient, using head - tilt, chin - lift prior to clearing mucus plugs can cause airway occlusion. Option D is correct.
4. The oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed 6 liters per minute. Option A is correct.
5. The E cylinder has a volume such that when flowing at 10 liters per minute, it will run out in approximately 50 minutes. Option D is correct.

Answer:

1. B. A lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability.
2. A. Check for a radial pulse.
3. D. Using the head - tilt, chin - lift prior to clearing any mucus plugs from the stoma can cause airway occlusion.
4. A. 6
5. D. E cylinder