Question

after a gene is activated by a transcription factor, what happens next? put the steps of protein synthesis in order.
first
the mrna molecule reaches a ribosome, where it is translated to make a protein.
rna polymerase binds to a promoter at the beginning of a gene.
the mrna molecule is modified before leaving the nucleus.
a section of dna is unzipped, forming a transcription bubble.
rna polymerase reaches a terminator, and the mrna strand fully detaches from the dna template strand.
rna nucleotides are paired with dna nucleotides on a dna template strand to create mrna.

Explanation:

This process follows the sequential steps of transcription (DNA to mRNA) and translation (mRNA to protein) in eukaryotic protein synthesis, starting after gene activation by a transcription factor.

1. First, RNA polymerase must attach to the gene's promoter region to initiate transcription.
2. Next, the DNA double helix unzips locally to expose the template strand.
3. RNA nucleotides then base-pair with the DNA template strand to build the mRNA molecule.
4. When RNA polymerase reaches the terminator sequence, the newly formed mRNA detaches from the DNA.
5. In eukaryotes, the pre-mRNA is modified (e.g., splicing, adding a cap/tail) before exiting the nucleus.
6. Finally, the mature mRNA travels to a ribosome, where translation into a protein occurs.

Answer:

1. RNA polymerase binds to a promoter at the beginning of a gene.
2. A section of DNA is unzipped, forming a transcription bubble.
3. RNA nucleotides are paired with DNA nucleotides on a DNA template strand to create mRNA.
4. RNA polymerase reaches a terminator, and the mRNA strand fully detaches from the DNA template strand.
5. The mRNA molecule is modified before leaving the nucleus.
6. The mRNA molecule reaches a ribosome, where it is translated to make a protein.