Question

base your answers to questions 27 and 28 on the article below and on your knowledge of social studies.

malaria causes more than 400,000 deaths every year, most of them in sub - saharan africa. the best way to combat the mosquito - borne parasite is through rapid and accurate diagnosis, treatment and containment. but in uganda, where malaria is one of the leading causes of death, a good diagnosis is hard to come by. blood tests are time - consuming and require trained lab technicians that are not always available in the small medical clinics frequented by most of the population.

after being misdiagnosed for the third time, software engineer brian gitta decided to do something about it. “it was such a waste of time, going to the clinic, waiting in line. i knew there had to be a better way.” for the past six years, the 27 - year - old has worked with doctors, scientists and fellow software engineers—all of whom have had their own brushes with the disease—to develop a simple method to test for malaria without a blood sample, a microscope or a trained technician.

all thats needed is their new invention, a portable shoebox - sized device they call a matiscope (from the swahili word for treatment) and a smartphone. patients with malaria - like symptoms, including high fevers, chills or headaches, can place a finger in the devices cradle, which uses magnets and a beam of red light to detect changes in blood cells caused by the malaria parasite. the readings are analyzed by the smartphone, diagnosed and, if positive, can be uploaded to a nation - wide grid so that national health authorities can monitor for outbreaks. its reusable and provides results in two minutes....
source: aryn baker, time, october 2019
27 which problem is being described in this article?
(1) a shortage of jobs for clinic technicians
(2) insufficient funding for health care workers
(3) the need for effective testing for diseases
(4) a lack of smartphone access in the developing world
28 which response is being taken to address the problem discussed in this article?
(1) utilizing international cooperation
(2) developing new technologies to meet local needs
(3) relying on traditional methods of assessing the problem
(4) increasing access to medication

Explanation:

Question 27

The article states that in Uganda, malaria diagnosis is time - consuming and needs trained lab technicians (not always available). Brian Gitta aimed to develop a simple malaria test. Option (1) is incorrect as the issue isn't about job shortage for clinic technicians. Option (2) is wrong as funding for healthcare workers isn't the focus. Option (4) is incorrect as the problem isn't about smartphone access. The main problem is the need for effective disease testing (malaria), so option (3) is correct.

Brian Gitta, a software engineer, developed a new portable device (matiscope) and used a smartphone to test for malaria, which is a new technology to meet the local need of better malaria diagnosis. Option (1) is wrong as there's no mention of international cooperation. Option (3) is incorrect as they are using new, not traditional, methods. Option (4) is wrong as the article is about testing, not medication access. So option (2) is correct.

Answer:

(3) the need for effective testing for diseases

Question 28