Question

base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. the sankin kōtai (lit., \alternate attendance\) system was a device of the tokugawa shogunate, the government of japan from 1603 to 1868, designed to insure political control by the regime over the daimyo, or territorial lords, who exercised virtually autonomous authority over the more than 260 feudal states into which four - fifths of the country was divided. under this system most of the daimyo were required to travel biennially every two years from their domains to the capital of the tokugawa at edo (present day tokyo) and to spend alternate years in personal attendance at the shogunal court. each daimyo was also required to maintain residences at the capital where his wife and children were permanently detained.... another important contribution of the operation of the sankin kōtai system to the modernization of japan was to promote the intellectual and cultural unification of the country. the sankin kōtai served to bring a large part of the leadership elements from the whole country together in one place and to keep a constant stream of leaders and intellectuals moving back and forth between the capital and all parts of the country. this was important in giving japan the tremendous intellectual unity with which it faced the west in the nineteenth century. it also enabled the people at large to have a stronger sense of national unity than would have been the case had the system not existed. by serving as the vehicle which spread the culture of edo and osaka to the countryside, the system influenced the diffusion of a truly national culture.... source: toshio g. tsukahira, feudal control in tokugawa japan, east asian research center, harvard university, 1966. what was an important contribution of the sankin kōtai (alternate attendance) system to the modernization of japan? (1) japans people developed a stronger sense of national cultural unity. (2) japans government established control over western intellectuals forced to live in osaka. (3) japan improved its railroad system by connecting the countryside to the cities. (4) japan increased the power during the tokugawa shogunate. the purpose of the tokugawas sankin kōtai (alternate attendance) system is similar to the purpose of (1) british suffragettes who demanded parliament grant women the right to vote (2) king louis xiv of france who required nobles to stay at versailles (3) simón bolívar who expected the indigenous people to rise up against the spanish countries that divided up the continent

Explanation:

For the first question, the passage states that the sankin kōtai system promoted intellectual and cultural unification, giving people a stronger sense of national unity and diffusing a national - culture. For the second question, the sankin kōtai system was to control the daimyo by having them and their families in the capital part - time, similar to King Louis XIV requiring nobles to stay at Versailles to control them.

Answer:

1. (1) Japan's people developed a stronger sense of national cultural unity.
2. (2) King Louis XIV of France who required nobles to stay at Versailles.