Question

chapter 2 reproduction and energy in ecosystems
name
date
section 1 multiple - choice questions
choose the best answer for each question.

1. what is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

a) soil nutrients
b) sunlight
c) wind
d) water

1. in a food chain, which organisms are typically at the top?

a) producers
b) primary consumers
c) secondary consumers
d) decomposers

1. which process do plants use to convert sunlight into energy?

a) respiration
b) photosynthesis
c) fermentation
d) decomposition

1. what role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

a) they produce energy.
b) they consume producers.
c) they break down dead organisms.
d) they compete with consumers.
section 2: vocabulary matching match the terms to their correct definitions
term definition

1. ecosystem a) the process by which plants use sunlight
2. photosynthesis b) a community of living organisms and their environment
3. producer c) organisms that produce their own food
4. consumer d) organisms that eat other organisms
5. decomposer e) organisms that break down dead or decaying matter

Explanation:

1. Sunlight is the primary energy - source for most ecosystems as it powers photosynthesis.
2. In a food - chain, secondary consumers are typically at the top as they consume primary consumers.
3. Plants use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy.
4. Decomposers break down dead organisms in an ecosystem.

For the vocabulary matching:

1. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their environment, so "Ecosystem" matches with B.
2. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, so "Photosynthesis" matches with A.
3. Producers are organisms that produce energy through photosynthesis, so "Producer" matches with C.
4. Consumers are organisms that obtain energy by eating other organisms, so "Consumer" matches with D.
5. Decomposers are organisms that break down dead matter, so "Decomposer" matches with E.

Answer:

1. B. Sunlight
2. C. Secondary Consumers
3. B. Photosynthesis
4. C. They break down dead organisms.

Section 2:

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. E